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Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the body shape discordance, the difference between true body type based on body mass index (BMI) and self-recognized body image, on nutrient intake, weight control attempt, and mental health in Korean adults.
Methods
Subjects were persons aged 19~64 years (4,382 men and 6,226 women) who participated in the 2010~2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects were categorized as RL (Group recognized as lighter than BMI criteria), RA (Group with agreement between BMI criteria and self-recognized body image), and RH (Group recognized as heavier than BMI criteria) according to the difference between actual body type based on BMI and self-recognized body image.
Results
Means of BMI in RH groups were lower than or equal to that of RA groups in all groups. No significant differences in total energy intake were observed among the three groups in men, but total energy intake was higher in the RL group than in the RH group in 30~49 year old women. Proportion of carbohydrate was the highest in the RL group among 30~49 year old women. RH groups paid more attention to weight control and had less weight gain than other groups. Higher proportions of depressive symptoms were reported in the RH group in 19~29 year old men, while a higher proportion of depressive symptoms were reported in the RL group in 50~64 year old men.
Conclusion
The current findings suggest an association of perceiving body shape with energy intake, weight control attempt, or depressed mood in some age groups. Body image perception can influence eating, weight control attempt, and depressed mood, therefore proper body image perception should be established in Korean adults.
Figures and Tables
Table 2
Characteristics of the study subjects by sex and age
Abbreviation: RL, subjects who regard self body image perception as lighter than actual body condition; RA, subjects who regard self body image perception as same as actual body condition; RH, subjects who regard self body image perception as heavier than actual body condition; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference
1) P-value was analyzed by ANOVA test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables. 2) N (%) 3) Mean ± SE 4) N (%)
Table 3
Nutrient intake of the study subjects by sex and age
Abbreviation: RL, subjects who regard self body image perception as lighter than actual body condition; RA, subjects who regard self body image perception as same as actual body condition; RH, subjects who regard self body image perception as heavier than actual body condition; Ratio(%), proportion of protein, fat and carbohydrate from total energy intake
1) P-value was analyzed by ANOVA test . 2) Mean ± SE
Table 4
Weight related indexes of the study subjects by sex and age
Abbreviation: RL, subjects who regard self body image perception as lighter than actual body condition; RA, subjects who regard self body image perception as same as actual body condition; RH, subjects who regard self body image perception as heavier than actual body condition.
1) P-value were analyzed by ANOVA test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables. 2) N (%)
Table 5
Mental health of the study subjects by sex and age
Abbreviation: RL, subjects who regard self body image perception as lighter than actual body condition; RA, subjects who regard self body image perception as same as actual body condition; RH, subjects who regard self body image perception as heavier than actual body condition
1) All Variables are determined using Chi-square test. 2) N (%)
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