Journal List > Anat Biol Anthropol > v.32(2) > 1129905

Oh, Hong, and Shin: Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Human Skeletons from Goryeo Dynasty Graves Discovered at Youngwol, Gangwon-do

Abstract

In archaeological excavation sites in Korea, human skeletal remains of various periods were discovered. However, there have been very few studies on skeletal cases of Goryeo period so far. Therefore, in order to obtain the genetic profiles of Goryeo period Korean people at that time, we tried to reveal haplogroups by mtDNA analysis of four skeletons from Goryeo period graves. In this study, the haplogroup identified from them were D4b2b, D4e1a1, D4 and N9a1'3, respectively. This study is invaluable because it is one of the rare reports of genetic information of Korean people of Goryeo Dynsaty.

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Fig. 1.
The skeletal remains of the Koryeo period discovered in Youngwol, Gangwon-do. (A) Skeletal Remain No. 1, (B) Skeletal Remain No. 3, (C) Skeletal Remain No. 7, and (D) Skeletal Remain No. 9.
aba-2019-32-2-61f1.tif
Fig. 2.
A brief example of the genetic analysis procedure. (A) PCR result, (B) Conformation of electropherogram result, (C) Determination of consensus sequence by aligning nucleotide sequences.
aba-2019-32-2-61f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Comparison of mtDNA Sequences between rCRS and HVR sequences obtained from skeletal remains.
aba-2019-32-2-61f3.tif
Table 1.
PCR primer set used in this study
Set Primer Sequence (5ʹ to 3ʹ) Amplicon size (bp)
HV1A F15971 TTA ACT CCA CCA TTA GCA CC 267
R16237 TGT GTG ATA GTT GAG GGT TG
HV1B F16144 TGA CCA CCT GTA GTA CAT AA 267
R16410 GAG GAT GGT GGT CAA GGG AC
HV2A F15 CAC CCT ATT AAC CAC TCA CG 226
R240 TAT TAT TAT GTC CTA CAA GCA
HV2B F155 TAT TTA TCG CAC CTA CGT TC 235
R389 CTG GTT AGG CTG GTG TTA GG
VR2 F403 TCT TTT GGC GGT ATG CAC TTT 167
R569 GGT GTA TTT GGG GTT TGG TTG
MPS2A F16190 CCC CAT GCT TAC AAG CAA GT 133
R16322 TGG CTT TAT GTA CTA TGT AC
MPS2B F16268 CAC TAG GAT ACC AAC AAA CC 143
R16410 GAG GAT GGT GGT CAA GGG AC
Table 2.
mtDNA Haplotype and haplogroup
Subject Hypervariable region
Haplogroup (Control region)
HVR (15991-16390) HVR2 (35-369) HVR3 (424-548)
YW-1 16223T 16362C 73G 194T 263G 309.1C 315.1C 489C 522del 523del D4b2b
YW-3 16093C 16176T 16223T 16362C 73G 94A 194T 263G 309.1C 315.1C 489C D4e1a1
YW-7 16223T 16362C 73G 263G 315.1C 489C 522del 523del D4
YW-9 16129A 16223T 16257A 16261T 73G 150T 171A 263G 309.1C 315.1C rCRS N9a1ʹ3
Researcher 1 16172C 16174T 16223T 16362C 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C N10
Researcher 2 16183C 16189C 16220C 16254G 16298C 16362C 73G 249d 263G 315.1C F3b
Researcher 3 16129A 16182C 16183C 16189C 16232A 73G 152C 249d 263G 315.1C F1b1a
16249C 16304C 16311C 16344T
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