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Kyung Hee Hong
, Hyun Sook Lee
, Hyun Sook Lee
Abstract
Objectives
This study examined the usage status and the degree of satisfaction of university foodservice (UF) perceived by international students in Busan.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted on the utilization of UF, improvement requirements, preference type and recipe, as well as the importance and satisfaction of UF quality attributes as perceived by international students (n=604) at universities in the Busan area between April and June 2017.
Results
UF was ‘generally satisfied’ or ‘very satisfied’ in about 35.4% of the study population, and ‘not very satisfied’ or ‘not satisfied at all’ in approximately 11.5%. Approximately 21.7% said that UF contributed to dietary life ‘very much’ or ‘quite significantly’ and 36.4% said ‘not very much’ or ‘not at all’. The largest demand for improvement of UF was ‘variety of menu’ (52.0%). The most leftover food in UF was kimchi (30.3%) and broth/stew (19.2%), and the major reason for having leftover was ‘not to one's taste’ (27.8%). After dividing the foodservice quality attributes into 5 factors - food quality and price, sanitation, convenience, physical environment, and service environment - and analyzing the importance and satisfaction of each factor, it was shown that satisfaction was generally lower than the degree of importance. Sanitation factor was high for both importance and satisfaction of UF, while convenience factor was high for the importance but low for satisfaction of UF. Four variables in the food quality and price factor (‘food taste’, ‘freshness of food’, ‘nutritive value of food’, and ‘reasonable price’) and 3 variables in the convenience factor (‘variety of menu’, ‘prompt food service’, and ‘display of the meals for the day’) had high importance but low satisfaction, showing the need for an improvement on these areas.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Importance-satisfaction analysis chart for the university foodservice selection attributes
Quadrant I: High importance/Low satisfaction labeled as “Concentrate here”.
Quadrant II: High importance/Low satisfaction labeled as “Keep up the good work”.
Quadrant III: Low importance/Low satisfaction labeled as “Low priority.”
Quadrant IV: Low importance/Low satisfaction labeled as “Possible overkill.”
Food quality and price - 1. Food taste, 2. Adequate portion size, 3. Proper food temperature, 4. Freshness of food, 5. Nutritive value of food, 6. Saltiness of food, 7. Harmony of main and side dishes, 8. Reasonable price
Sanitation - 1. Cleanliness of food, 2. Cleanliness of dining room, 3. Ventilation of dining room, 4. Cleanliness of toilet, 5. Sanitation of employee, 6. Sanitation of dishes and cutlery, 7. Cleanliness of cook's uniform, 8. Sanitation of cooking and food distribution, 9. Cleanliness of floors of kitchen and dining room
Convenience - 1. Waiting time for meal, 2. Short walking distance, 3. Variety or menu, 4. Prompt food service, 5. Display of the meals for the day
Physical environment - 1. Interior of dining area, 2. Background music 3. Food appearance, 4. Foodservice event, 5. Location of cafeteria
Service environment - 1. Comfortable seats, 2. Functionality as resting place, 3. Pleasant dining environment, 4. Presence of drinking water facilities, serviettes and mirrors, 5. Kindness of employee
Table 3
Leftover foods and their reasons and demand for improvement in university foodservice of subjects
Table 6
The importance and satisfaction levels of the university foodservice by gender
1) Mean ± SD. The importance scores were based on the mean scores measured on a Likert-type scale from 1 to 7 (1: not at all important~4: neither~7: very important).
2) Mean ± SD. The satisfaction scores were based on the mean scores measured on a Likert-type scale from 1 to 7 (1: not at all satisfied~4: neither~7: very satisfied).
*: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001
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