Journal List > J Nutr Health > v.52(3) > 1128189

J Nutr Health. 2019 Jun;52(3):297-309. Korean.
Published online Jun 24, 2019.  https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2019.52.3.297
© 2019 The Korean Nutrition Society
Relationship among the use of food-related content, dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy of high school students in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas
Min-Hwan Oh,1 Kyungeui Hong,2 and Sung-Eun Kim2
1Major in Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
2Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-2-2077-7722, Email: sekim@sookmyung.ac.kr
Received Mar 25, 2019; Revised May 16, 2019; Accepted May 20, 2019.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Abstract

Purpose

This study examined the relationship among the use of food-related content (FRC), dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy to demonstrate the need for nutrition education to help adolescents build healthy eating habits and provide evidence for developing nutrition education programs for adolescents.

Methods

Three hundred and eighty-one high school students in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas participated in the study. The subjects were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the level of use of the FRC, and their general characteristics, dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy were analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed between FRC usage, dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy, and the mediating effects of dietary self-efficacy on the relationship between the level of the use of FRC and dietary behaviors were estimated.

Results

A higher level of FRC usage was associated with an increased daily cost of eating out and snacking, but no difference was observed in the BMI range. The subjects in a group with a high level of FRC usage ate convenience store or instant foods instead of homemade meals (p = 0.033), had a late-night meal or snack (p = 0.024), and turned to emotional eating under stress (p < 0.001) more than those in the low level group. In addition, the high level group checked the nutrition facts label more carefully when purchasing processed foods (p = 0.016) and exercised at least 30 minutes daily, not considering physical education classes (p = 0.057). The higher level of FRC use, the lower the dietary self-efficacy, whereby the subscales ‘environmental stimulus control efficacy’ and ‘affective factor control efficacy’ showed complete mediating effects.

Conclusion

Given that FRC has been increased recently, adolescents are in need of support to help them control and enhance their dietary self-efficacy as well as develop healthy dietary behaviors through proper nutrition education programs.

Keywords: adolescents; food-related content; dietary behaviors; dietary self-efficacy

Figures


 Fig. 1
The mediating effect models for dietary self-efficacy on the path from the level of food-related content usage (predictor) to dietary behaviors (outcome): (A) Environmental stimulus control efficacy subscale; (B) Affective factor control efficacy subscale. #( ) indicates the path coefficient when controlled by dietary self-efficacy (mediator).
Click for larger image

Tables


 Table 1
General characteristics of the subjects and the use of food-related content
Click for larger image


Table 2
Dietary behaviors and the level of food-related content usage1)
Click for larger image


Table 3
Taste and cooking method preferences and the level of food-related content usage1)
Click for larger image


Table 4
Dietary self-efficacy and the level of food-related content usage1)
Click for larger image


Table 5
Correlation analysis between the constructs
Click for larger image


Table 6
Regression analysis between the constructs
Click for larger image


Table 7
Mediating effect of the environmental stimulus control efficacy subscale of dietary self-efficacy
Click for larger image


Table 8
Mediating effect of the affective factor control efficacy subscale of dietary self-efficacy
Click for larger image

Notes

This research was supported by Sookmyung Women's University Research Grants (1-1703-2049).

References
1. Kim HJ. A study on food porn as a sub-culture - Centering on internet “Meokbang” (eating scene) in Afreeca TV -. Humanit Res 2015;50:433–455.
2. Luo S, Romero A, Adam TC, Hu HH, Monterosso J, Page KA. Abdominal fat is associated with a greater brain reward response to high-calorie food cues in Hispanic women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21(10):2029–2036.
3. Ministry of Health and Welfare (KR). National strategy for the prevention and control of obesity [Internet]. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2018 [cited 2019 Jan 30].
Available from: http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/al/sal0301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=0403&pagp=1&CONT_SEQ=345515.
4. Ministry of Gender Equality and Family (KR). Adolescent media use and harmful environment survey 2016 [Internet]. Seoul: Ministry of Gender Equality and Family; 2017 [cited 2018 Apr 11].
Available from: http://www.mogef.go.kr/mp/pcd/mp_pcd_s001d.do?mid=plc502&bbtSn=704738.
5. Choi HM, Kim KW, Kim CI, Kim HS, Sohn CM, Choi KS, et al. In: Community nutrition. Revised. Goyang: Powerbook; 2017.
6. Yoo SJ, Jung LH. A study on food involvement and dietary behavior of middle school students in Naju area. J Korean Home Econ Educ Assoc 2008;20(1):63–83.
7. Kim DS, Lee JW. Use and recognition about nutrition labelings of processed foods among middle school students and their parents. J Korean Diet Assoc 2002;8(3):301–310.
8. Seo EH. A study on food habits and nutrient intakes according to BMI in food and nutrition major and non-major female students in Kyungnam University. Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(4):297–316.
9. Lee EJ, Soh HK, Choi BS. Problems analysis related to nutrition and the development of nutrition education programs for high school students(I) - A study centered on analyzing problems of dietary life for nutrition education goal setting -. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 2007;17(3):338–350.
10. Lee YN, Lee JS, Ko YM, Woo JS, Kim BH, Choi HM. Study on the food habits of college students by residences. Korean J Community Nutr 1996;1(2):189–200.
11. Ministry of Education (KR). School health examinations statistics report 2017 [Internet]. Sejong: Ministry of Education; 2018 [cited 2019 Jan 31].
Available from: https://www.moe.go.kr/boardCnts/view.do?boardID=294&boardSeq=73503&lev=0&searchType=S&statusYN=C&page=1&s=moe&m=020402&opType=N.
12. Hevey D, Smith M, McGee HM. Self-efficacy and health behavior: a review. Ir J Psychol 1998;19(2-3):248–273.
13. Nam YJ. In: The effect of dietary self-efficacy on stress and dietary behavior among middle school students [dissertation]. Chuncheon: Kangwon National University; 2016.
14. Choi MY, Kim HY. Nutrition knowledge, dietary self-efficacy and eating habits according to student's stage of regular breakfast or exercise. Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(5):653–662.
15. Choi SJ. In: Dietary self-efficacy & physical activity self-efficacy among elementary school children [dissertation]. Seoul: Seoul National University; 1998.
16. Ko SY, Kim KW. Nutrition label use, self-efficacy, snacking and eating behavior of middle school students in Kyunggi area. Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(4):513–524.
17. Song HJ, Choi SY. A study on intake and purchasing behavior of processed food among adolescents. Korean J Culinary Res 2013;19(1):230–243.
18. Choi YJ. Why are viewers enthusiastic about television Eating (Cooking) programs?: the effect of stress release and the political economic approach. J Polit Commun 2017;44:121–150.
19. Na EK. “Eating broadcasts” and “Cooking broadcasts” Exploratory study on food media trends: Socio-cultural backgrounds and new media use factors. Kookmin Soc Sci Rev 2015;28(1):183–215.
20. EMBRAIN. Research report on experience of watching TV program “Meokbang” and “Cookbang” in 2015 [Internet]. Seoul: Trend Monitor; 2015 [cited 2018 Feb 5].
Available from: https://www.trendmonitor.co.kr/tmweb/trend/allTrend/detail.do?bIdx=1329&code=0202&trendType=CKOREA#.
21. Kim GW, Kim DJ. A study on the relationship among viewing motives, viewing attitude, and viewing satisfaction of TV cooking programs; 2016 Korea Entertainment Industry Association Annual Conference; 2016 Nov 4–5; Jeonju, Korea. Seoul: Korea Entertainment Industry Association; 2016. pp. 28-39.
22. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (KR). A web-based survey on nutrition and dietary life in adolescence [Internet]. Cheongju: Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; 2018 [cited 2018 Jul 2].
Available from: https://www.foodsafetykorea.go.kr/portal/exhealthyfoodlife/teen/teen_exam.jsp.
23. Kim JH. In: The effects of the use of nutrition information in mass media on some adolescents' dietary lives and their knowledge of nutrition [dissertation]. Seoul: Kyung Hee University; 2011.
24. Choi MJ. In: Eating behavior and emotional change in personality type among high school students in Ansan area [dissertation]. Suwon: Kyonggi University; 2017.
25. Parcel GS, Edmundson E, Perry CL, Feldman HA, O'Hara-Tompkins N, Nader PR, et al. Measurement of self-efficacy for diet-related behaviors among elementary school children. J Sch Health 1995;65(1):23–27.
26. Clark MM, Abrams DB, Niaura RS, Eaton CA, Rossi JS. Self-efficacy in weight management. J Consult Clin Psychol 1991;59(5):739–744.
27. Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 1986;51(6):1173–1182.
28. Kim SJ, Park SG, Moon SH. Analysis on smartphone usage types of youth: Q methodological approach. Korean J Youth Stud 2015;22(12):1–26.
29. Passamonti L, Rowe JB, Schwarzbauer C, Ewbank MP, von dem Hagen E, Calder AJ. Personality predicts the brain's response to viewing appetizing foods: the neural basis of a risk factor for overeating. J Neurosci 2009;29(1):43–51.
30. Spence C, Okajima K, Cheok AD, Petit O, Michel C. Eating with our eyes: from visual hunger to digital satiation. Brain Cogn 2016;110:53–63.
31. Mercer ME, Holder MD. Food cravings, endogenous opioid peptides, and food intake: a review. Appetite 1997;29(3):325–352.
32. Zellner DA, Loaiza S, Gonzalez Z, Pita J, Morales J, Pecora D, et al. Food selection changes under stress. Physiol Behav 2006;87(4):789–793.
33. Kern A. In: The effect of watching food-related television on eating behaviors and cravings [dissertation]. Mount Pleasant (MI): Central Michigan University; 2014.
34. Lee HJ, Rhie SG, Won HR. Weight, eating habits and dietary self-efficacy of middle school girls with eating disorder. Korean J Community Living Sci 2008;19(2):283–295.
35. Kim MJ. In: The effect of body awareness and use of nutrition information from mass media to dietary behavior and nutrition knowledge of middle and high school students [dissertation]. Seoul: Kyung Hee University; 2014.
36. Moon HK, Lee HS. Food consumption patterns and other diet related factors among three groups of households with different fat energy intakes. Korean J Nutr 1996;29(3):321–330.
37. Kwon SY, Han JI, Chung YJ. Relationship of nutritional knowledge, dietary self efficacy and change of dietary behavior of nutrition professional. Korean J Nutr 2008;41(6):550–560.
TOOLS
ORCID iDs

Min-Hwan Oh
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8134-5646

Kyungeui Hong
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-7823

Sung-Eun Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-2405