Accuracy of 24-hour Diet Recalls for Estimating Energy Intake in Elderly Men using the Doubly Labeled Water Method

Ji-Hye Jeon; Na-Young Go; Mo-Ran Lee; Didace Ndahimana; Eun-Kyung Kim

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.6.516

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Jeon, Go, Lee, Ndahimana, and Kim: Accuracy of 24-hour Diet Recalls for Estimating Energy Intake in Elderly Men using the Doubly Labeled Water Method

Research Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2018; 23(6): 516-524.

Published online: 31 December 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.6.516

Accuracy of 24-hour Diet Recalls for Estimating Energy Intake in Elderly Men using the Doubly Labeled Water Method

Ji-Hye Jeon¹, Na-Young Go¹, Mo-Ran Lee¹, Didace Ndahimana¹, Eun-Kyung Kim²

¹Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea, Student.

²Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea, Professor.

Corresponding author: Eun-Kyung Kim. Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea. Tel: (033) 640-2336, Fax: (033) 640-2330, ekkim@gwnu.ac.kr

Received 16 November 2018 Revised 30 November 2018 Accepted 30 November 2018

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study assessed the accuracy of the 24-hour diet recall method for estimating the energy intake of elderly men using the doubly labeled water as a reference method.

Methods

Seventeen subjects (mean age 72.5 ± 3.9 years), who maintained the same body weight during the two weeks study period, were included in this study. Three 24-hour diet recalls (two weekdays and one weekend) were obtained over a 14 day period to estimate the mean energy intake. The total energy expenditure was measured over the same 14 days using the doubly labeled water method. The total energy intake and total energy expenditure were compared by paired t-test.

Results

The total energy intake from the 24-hour diet recalls method was 2536.7 ± 350.6 kcal/day, and the total energy expenditure from the doubly labeled water method was 2659.8 ± 306.8 kcal/day. The total energy intake was slightly under-reported by −123.2 ± 260.8 kcal/day (−4.4%). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed between the total energy intake and total energy expenditure of the subjects (p=0.069). The percentage of accurate predictions was 64.7%. The correlation between the total energy intake and total energy expenditure was statistically significant (r=0.697, p<0.005).

Conclusions

The present study supports the use of the 24-hour diet recall method to estimate the mean energy intake in elderly men group. More studies are needed to assess the validity of 24-hour diet recall method in other population groups, including elderly women, adults and children.

Keywords: energy intake, 24-hour recall, doubly labeled water, elderly men

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Protocol of the study.

1) DLW : doubly labeled water.

Fig. 2

Correlation between total energy intake by the 24-hour diet recalls and total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method in elderly men. (n=17)

Fig. 3

Bland-Altman plots for the energy intake and energy expenditure in elderly men. (n=17)

TEI: total energy intake estimated by 24-hour diet recalls method.

TEE_DLW: total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method.

Table 1

Characteristics of the elderly men. (n=17)

1) No significantly different in body weight between pre and post measurement (p=0.05

2) Measured with Inbody 720 body composition analyzer

Table 2

Comparison of energy intake from 24-hour recall method. (n=17)

1) Mean±SD

2) a: means with same superscript is not significantly different at p<0.05 by Tukey HSD test (p=0.83).

Table 3

Total energy intake, total energy expenditure, and energy intake under-reporting in the elderly men. (n=17)

1) Mean of energy intake estimated by three 24-hour diet recalls method

2) Total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method

3) Energy intake under-reporting by the 24-hour diet recalls = total energy intake − total energy expenditure

Table 4

Accuracy of energy intake for the 24-hour diet recalls based on bias, root mean squared prediction error (RMSE), and percentage of accurate predictions. (n=17)

TEE_DLW: total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method

1) Mean±SD

2) Mean percentage error between total energy intake and energy expenditure

3) The largest underprediction

4) The largest overprediction

5) RMSE: root mean squared prediction error

6) The percentage of subject predicted by the 24-hour diet recalls within 10% of TEE_DLW

7) The percentage of subject predicted by the 24-hour diet recalls < 10% of TEE_DLW

8) The percentage of subject predicted by the 24-hour diet recalls > 10% of TEE_DLW

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (2016R1D1A1B03935571)

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ORCID iDs: Eun-Kyung Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-7586
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