Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and influencing factors in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey

Ayoung Kim; Jinhee Kim; Seunghee Kye

doi:10.4163/jnh.2018.51.5.465

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Kim, Kim, and Kye: Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and influencing factors in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey

Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2018; 51(5): 465-479.

Published online: 31 October 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2018.51.5.465

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and influencing factors in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey

Ayoung Kim¹

, Jinhee Kim²

, Seunghee Kye¹

¹Graduate School of Education, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea.

²Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-31-750-5507, shkye@gachon.ac.kr

Received 24 July 2018 Revised 25 August 2018 Accepted 27 September 2018

The Korean Nutrition Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study examined the frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in Korean adolescents and the major factors influencing the excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, such as sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, psychological characteristics, and dietary habits.

Methods

The analysis was performed using the data from the 2017 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The subjects included in the analysis were 30,885 middle school students and 31,391 high school students, totaling 62,276. The frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was calculated by summing the consumption frequencies of soda, high caffeine or energy drinks, and sweet beverages over the last 7 days. The Rao-Scott chi-square test, reflecting information on the sampling design, was used to test the differences in the rate of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption according to each factor. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors influencing the excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Results

The rate of sweetened beverage consumption was higher in boys than in girls, in high school students than in middle school students, in students whose father's education level was lower, in those whose subjective academic performance was lower, and in those who smoked or consumed alcohol. In addition, the rate of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was higher in those who experienced severe stress, suicidal ideation, sadness, or a sense of despair. The rate of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was also high in those who skipped breakfast; who frequently consumed fast foods, ramen, or snacks; and who frequently ate meals at convenience stores, supermarkets, or school stores.

Conclusion

The rate of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in Korean adolescents is related to various factors, such as sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, psychological characteristics, and dietary habits.

Keywords: Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, sugar-sweetened beverages, adolescents

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Socio-demographic characteristics by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Table 2

Health behaviors by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

1) KYRBS, Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2) Total sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) include soda, energy drinks, sweetened tea, fruit-flavored drinks, coffee drinks, sports drink and determined by question during the past 7 days. 3) Differences across categories for each variable were examined Rao-Scott chi-square test. 4) Smoked at least once in the past 30 days. 5) Drank at least 1 shot of alcohol on one or more days in the past 30 days. 6) Performed physical activities that caused the heart rate to increase or the subject to be short-winded for at least 60 min a day during the past 7 days. 7) Performed strenuous physical activities that caused the subject to be completely short-winded or the body to sweat for at least 20 min a day during the past 7 days. 8) Performed muscle-strengthening exercise then exercise during the past 7 days. 9) Weight status was defined as follows; Obese: ≥ 95th percentile, Overweight: 85 ~ 94th percentile, Normal: 5 ~ 84th percentile, Underweight: < 5th percentile, based on reference data.

Table 3

Psychological variables by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Table 4

Dietary habits by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Table 5

Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic charactristrics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Adjusted for weight status.

For logistic regression analyses, total SSB intake was dichotomized into < 1 time/d vs. ≥ 1 times/d.

Table 6

Logistic regression analysis of health behavioral characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Adjusted for gender, age, parents education level, household economic status, residential area.

For logistic regression analyses, total SSB intake was dichotomized into < 1 time/d vs. ≥ 1 times/d.

Table 7

Logistic regression analysis of psychological characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

1) KYRBS, Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2) Total sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) includes soda, energy drinks, sweetened tea, fruit-flavored drinks, coffee drinks, sports drink and determined by question during the past 7 days.

Adjusted for gender, age, parents education level, household economic status, residential area, weight status.

For logistic regression analyses, total SSB intake was dichotomized into < 1 time/d vs. ≥ 1 times/d.

Table 8

Logistic regression analysis of dietary habits associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

1) KYRBS, Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2) Total SSB includes soda, energy drinks, sweetened tea, fruit-flavored drinks, coffee drinks, sports drink and determined by question during the past 7 days.

Adjusted for gender, age, parents education level, household economic status, residential area, weight status.

For logistic regression analyses, total SSB intake was dichotomized into < 1 time/d vs. ≥ 1 times/d.

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TOOLS

ORCID iDs

Ayoung Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-5430

Jinhee Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-0719

Seunghee Kye
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-9705

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Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and influencing factors in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Socio-demographic characteristics by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 2

Health behaviors by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 3

Psychological variables by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 4

Dietary habits by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 5

Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic charactristrics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 6

Logistic regression analysis of health behavioral characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 7

Logistic regression analysis of psychological characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

Table 8

Logistic regression analysis of dietary habits associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 20171)

References

Socio-demographic characteristics by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Health behaviors by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Psychological variables by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Dietary habits by sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic charactristrics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Logistic regression analysis of health behavioral characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Logistic regression analysis of psychological characteristics associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾

Logistic regression analysis of dietary habits associated with sugar-sweetened beverages intake among Korean adolescents participating in the KYRBS, 2017¹⁾