Journal List > J Nutr Health > v.50(2) > 1081490

J Nutr Health. 2017 Apr;50(2):171-179. Korean.
Published online April 30, 2017.  https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.2.171
© 2017 The Korean Nutrition Society
Comparative analysis of dietary behavior and nutrient intake of elderly in urban and rural areas for development of “Village Lunch Table” program: Based on 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
Youngmi Lee,1 Yourim Choi,1 Hae Ryun Park,1 Kyung Hee Song,1 Kyung Eun Lee,2 Chang Hee Yoo,2 and Young Suk Lim1
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17058, Korea.
2Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-31-330-6204, Email: victorylim@mju.ac.kr
Received March 20, 2017; Revised April 06, 2017; Accepted April 11, 2017.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Abstract

Purpose

We conducted comparative analysis of dietary behavior and food and nutrient intakes of Korean elderly in urban and rural areas using the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Methods

This study was conducted on 1,239 participants (urban elderly: 867, rural elderly: 372) aged 65 years and over who participated in the health examination and nutrition survey in the 6th 2014 KNHANES. Dietary behaviors, including skipping meals, eating out frequencies, and food and nutrient intakes were analyzed using 24-hour recall data. Analysis of complex sample design data through SPSS 19.0 was used for the analysis.

Results

The rate of skipping dinner was higher in urban (6.5%) than in rural elderly (3.6%) (p < 0.05), and the frequency of eating out per week of urban elderly (1.73) was higher than that of rural elderly (1.35) (p < 0.001). The rural elderly consumed a greater amount of grain compared to urban elderly, whereas consumption of water, seaweed food, and dairy products was lower in rural than in urban areas (p < 0.05). The rural elderly consumed significantly less highly unsaturated fatty acids, n-6 fatty acids, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, carotene, niacin, and vitamin C in comparison with elderly in urban areas. Comparison of the percentages of Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) between the two groups showed that intakes of vitamin A and vitamin C were significantly lower in the rural elderly than in urban elderly.

Conclusion

The elderly in rural areas showed unbalanced food and nutrient intakes compared to the elderly in urban areas. Therefore, customized nutrition education according to residential areas should be developed and provided to rural elderly to improve their health and nutritional status.

Keywords: elderly; dietary behavior; nutritional status; KNHANES

Tables


 Table 1
General characteristics of urban and rural elderly
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Table 2
Dietary behavior of urban and rural elderly
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Table 3
Food group consumption of urban and rural elderly
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Table 4
Nutrient intake of urban and rural elderly
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Table 5
Comparison of nutrient intake as a percentage of KDRIs of urban and rural elderly
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Table 6
Food consumption frequency of urban and rural elderly
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Notes

This work was supported by a research grant from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs.

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