Food intake and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea

Eun Ju Yang; Jin Mo Khil

doi:10.4163/jnh.2016.49.5.358

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Yang and Khil: Food intake and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea

Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2016; 49(5): 358-366.

Published online: 31 October 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.5.358

Food intake and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea

Eun Ju Yang, Jin Mo Khil

Department of Food and Nutrition, Honam University, Gwangju 62399, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: 82-62-940-5412, jkhil@honam.ac.kr

Received 26 September 2016 Revised 8 October 2016 Accepted 11 October 2016

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of female marriage immigrants attending Korean language class in Gwangju, Korea by analyzing daily food and nutrient intake.

Methods

Eighty-three female immigrants completed a survey. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and dietary food intake was assessed using a 1-day 24 hour recall method.

Results

The average length of residence in Korea was 5.3 years, and mean age of subjects was 31.0 years old. The home countries of subjects were Vietnam (50.6%), China (24.1%), Philippines (13.3%), and others (12%). Due to the length of residence, there were significant differences in body weight (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.05), percent body fat (p < 0.05), and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). The subjects who were 30~49 years old consumed more vegetables and less seaweed than the subjects who were 20~29 years old. The other kinds of consumed foods were similar among groups in different age groups or lengths of residence in Korea. Average energy intake of subjects was 1,641.0 Kcal. The group with less than 5 years of residence showed higher cholesterol intake than the group with 5 or more years of residence in Korea (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in nutrient intake between the groups of different age or length of residence. There was a positive association among dietary cholesterol intake and consumption of eggs, milk. and dairy products, and blood pressure.

Conclusion

The study shows that length of residence affects rate of obesity and nutritional status. Further extensive research is needed to understand the effect of dietary changes and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants as well as for their successful adaptation to develop a more active and long-term nutrition education program.

Keywords: female marriage immigrants, food intake, nutritional status, length of residence

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General characteristics of female marriage immigrants (n = 83)

1) Mean ± SD 2) N (%)

Table 2

Anthropometric data of female marriage immigrants

1) Mean ± SD 2) Significance determined by t-test between age groups (^*p < 0.05, ^***p < 0.001) 3) Significance determined by T-test between length of residence groups (^*p < 0.05, ^***p < 0.001)

Table 3

Daily Food intake according to age and the length of residence of female marriage immigrants (g)

1) Mean ± SD 2) Significance determined by T-test between age groups (^*p < 0.05)

Table 4

Daily nutrient intake according to age and the length of residence of female marriage immigrants

1) Mean ± SD, % 2) EER (estimated energy requirement) was applied to energy, EAR (estimated average requirement) was applied to protein, calcium, iron, Vit. A, thiamin, riboflavin, Vit. B₆, niacin, Vit. C, folate. 3) Nutrition deficiency determined by proportion below 75% EER for energy intake and below EAR for calcium, iron, Vit. A, riboflavin 4) Significance determined by T-test between residency groups (^**p < 0.01)

Table 5

Prevalence of nutrition deficiency, diseases, obesity, and dietary change of female marriage immigrants

1) % 2) Not significant by Chi-square test 3) Nutrition deficiency determined by proportion below 75% EER for energy intake and below EAR for calcium, iron, Vit. A, riboflavin

Table 6

Multiple regression model for association among immigrants' characteristics and food intake

1) β coefficient 2) ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001

Notes

This work was supported by grants from Honam University.

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