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Park and Heo: Relationship of vitamin D status and obesity index in Korean women
Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2016; 49(1): 28-35.

Published online: 29 February 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.1.28

Relationship of vitamin D status and obesity index in Korean women

Ji-Young Park1, Young-Ran Heo1, 2

1Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.

2Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-62-530-1338, yrhuh@jnu.ac.kr

Received 2 February 2016       Revised 19 February 2016       Accepted 21 February 2016

© 2016 The Korean Nutrition Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Vitamin D status is associated with several chronic diseases related to obesity. In this study, we evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin D and its relation to obesity indices in Korean women.

Methods

A total of 156 healthy women participated. Vitamin D status (serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 level) and obesity indices (body mass index, body fat mass, waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage etc.) and serum lipid profiles and serum adipokine (leptin and adiponectin) levels were analyzed.

Results

The 25(OH)D3 level showed an extremely skewed distribution from 4.1 ng/ml to 24.4 ng/ml and mean 25(OH)D3 level was 9.0 ± 4.0 ng/ml. With cut-off level for vitamin D deficiency (< 12.0 ng/ml), insufficiency (12-19.9 ng/ml) and sufficiency (≥ 20 ng/ml), 77.6%, 19.2%, and 3.2% of subjects showed vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency status, respectively. The 25(OH)D3 level showed positive correlation with weight (r = 0.2461, p < 0.01), body mass index (r = 0.2913, p < 0.001), body fat contents (r = 0.1691, p < 0.05), fat free mass (r = 0.2330, p < 0.01), and waist hip ratio (r = 0.1749, p < 0.05) after adjusted by age. The 25(OH)D3 level showed no significant correlation with serum lipid profiles and adipokine levels.

Conclusion

Most subjects (76.6%) in this study, who had a vitamin D deficient status and serum 25(OH)D3 level, showed positive correlation with several obesity indices, however further research based on a large Korean population is needed to confirm the relationship.

Keywords: vitamin D, obesity, 25(OH)D3, body fat, deficiency

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Serum 25(OH)D3 levels by general characteristics. Symbol with different superscripts are significantly different by ANOVA with post hoc test of Scheffe's method (p < 0.05).

jnh-49-28-g001
Table 1

Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of the subjects

jnh-49-28-i001

1) Values are mean ± SD (range). 2) Values are n (%).

Table 2

Vitamin D status of the subjects

jnh-49-28-i002

1) Values are mean ± SD (range). 2) Percentile value 3) Deficiency standard level by Institute of Medicine (IOM) 4) Values are n (%).

Table 3

Correlation of serum 25(OH)D3 levels with anthrophometric and biochemical parameters

jnh-49-28-i003

1) Adjusted for age

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