Nutrient intakes and frequently consumed foods among Korean adults according to the intake frequency of Baechu (Chinese cabbage) kimchi: Based on the 2012~2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Ae-Wha Ha; Se-Young Ju

doi:10.4163/jnh.2016.49.2.125

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Ha and Ju: Nutrient intakes and frequently consumed foods among Korean adults according to the intake frequency of Baechu (Chinese cabbage) kimchi: Based on the 2012~2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2016; 49(2): 125-133.

Published online: 30 April 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.2.125

Nutrient intakes and frequently consumed foods among Korean adults according to the intake frequency of Baechu (Chinese cabbage) kimchi: Based on the 2012~2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Ae-Wha Ha, Se-Young Ju

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-31-8005-3189, Ju_seyoung@yahoo.com

Received 4 February 2016 Revised 22 February 2016 Accepted 25 February 2016

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze nutrient intake and frequently consumed foods according to the intake frequency of Baechu (Chinese cabbage) kimchi by Korean adults.

Methods

Data from analysis of 7,122 subjects aged 19~64 years from 2012, 2013 KNHANES were obtained from health behavior interviews and the 24-hour dietary recall method.

Results

With the daily intake frequency of Baechu kimchi, subjects with two times a day were the highest proportion among total subjects. As Baechu kimchi intake frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner increased, the rate of skipping meals decreased significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, all food intake and daily nutrient intake increased significantly with increasing frequency of daily Baechu kimchi intake (Crude p for trend < 0.05, Adjusted p for trend < 0.05). With the frequently consumed foods by daily Baechu kimchi intake frequency in 2012 and 2013, among 509 foods top ranked foods were white rice, Baechu kimchi, beer, distilled alcoholic drink, milk, and pork.

Conclusion

The results of this study could be used in the future to promote consumption of kimchi in the Korean population.

Keywords: kimchi, FFQ, nutrient intake, frequently consumed food, KNHANES

Figures and Tables

Table 1

The conversion of food intake frequency

Table 2

General characteristics and Dietary pattern of subjects

1) Weighted (%) 2) p-value by chi-square

Table 3

Intake frequency of daily Baechu kimchi by year

1) Weighted (%) 2) p-value by chi-square

Table 4

Comparison of general characteristics and dietary pattern according to intake frequency of Baechu kimchi

1) Weighted (%) 2) p-value by chi-square

Table 5

Total foods and nutrients intake of subjects by Baechu kimchi consumption

1) p for trend were adjusted for gender, age, household income and BMI.

Table 6

Frequently consumed food intake of subjects by intake frequency of Baechu kimchi

Notes

This work was supported by the World Institute of Kimchi.

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