The relationships between dietary behavior and health related factors according to shift work in nurses

Ji-Myung Kim; Bok-Hee Kang

doi:10.4163/jnh.2014.47.6.416

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Kim and Kang: The relationships between dietary behavior and health related factors according to shift work in nurses

Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2014; 47(6): 416-425.

Published online: 31 December 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.6.416

The relationships between dietary behavior and health related factors according to shift work in nurses

Ji-Myung Kim¹, Bok-Hee Kang²

¹Food and Nutrition Major, Division of Food Science and Culinary Arts, Shinhan University, Dongducheon, Kyonggi 480-777, Korea.

²Department of Nursing, Daegu Health College, Daegu 702-722, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-31-870-0461, doublekim@hanmail.net

Received 1 August 2014 Revised 24 August 2014 Accepted 18 November 2014

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of nurses.

Method

The subjects of this study were 161 nurses studying at a cyber university. The general characteristics, stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire in October, 2010. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the working pattern: shift workers (n = 110) and non-shift workers (n = 51).

Results

In the general characteristics, there were significant differences in marriage, monthly income, employment type, and job satisfaction between the two groups. Total stress score did not differ significantly between the two groups. In dietary habits, significant differences in meal regularity, skipping meals, skipping reasons, having regular mealtimes, frequency of snack and the snack time between shift workers and non-shift workers (p<0.05). Total score of dietary behaviors in shift workers was significantly lower than that in non-shift workers (p<0.05). Score of shift workers in taking three meals per day regularly was significantly lower than that of non-shift workers. In health-related behavior, a significant difference in sleeping time was observed between shift workers and non-shift workers. Dietary behavior showed negative correlation with shift work (r = 0.176) and positive correlation with health consciousness (r = 0.210) and perceived health status (r = 0.198) in subjects after adjustment for age, marriage, monthly income, and employment type (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that shift work, health consciousness, and perceived health status affected dietary behavior in subjects.

Conclusion

These results indicate that shift working nurses had poor dietary habits and dietary behaviors, and these dietary behaviors are affected by their shift work, health consciousness, and perceive health status.

Keywords: nurses, shift work, stress, dietary behavior, health consciousness, perceived health status

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General characteristics of the nurses according to shift

1) Values are mean ± SD. 2) Values are n (%). 3) Significance between two groups by Student's t-test 4) Significance between two groups by Chi-square test

Table 2

Stress score of the nurses according to shift work

1) mean ± SD 2) Significance were obtained from general linear model (GLM) after adjustment for marriage and income.

Table 3

Dietary habit of the nurses according to shift work

1) Values are n (%). 2) Significance between two groups by Chi-square test

Table 4

Dietary behavior score of the nurses according to shift work

1) mean± SD 2) † reversed score 3) Significance were obtained from general linear model (GLM) after adjustment for marriage and income.

Table 5

Health related behaviors of the nurses according to shift work

1) Values are n (%) 2) Significance between two groups by Chi-square test 3) †: Multiple-response

Table 6

Correlation between dietary behavior score and other paramete

1) Significantly different by pearson's correlation analysis 2) Significantly different by Partial correlation analysis after adjusting for age, marriage, monthly income, employment type

^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01

Table 7

Multiple regression analysis between total dietary behavior score and other variables

1) Multiple regression coefficient

Notes

This research was supported by the Research Grant of Shinhan University in 2014.

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