Journal List > J Nutr Health > v.47(5) > 1081350

Park, Kwon, Jung, and Kim: Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of jaceosidin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Abstract

Purpose

In this study, we investigated the effects of jaceosidin on blood glucose regulation in type 1 diabetic mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups; normal control (Normal), diabetes control (D-Control), diabetes low-jaceosidin (D-0.005%), and diabetes high-jaceosidin (D-0.02%). Type 1 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin and mice were then fed a diet containing jaceosidin for eight weeks. Fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed. Results: Jaceosidin supplementation for eight weeks had no effect on body weight, organ weight, and blood lipid profiles. However, jaceosidin supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood glucose level and reduced insulin resistance. We also found that jaceosidin supplementation increased antioxidant capacity by enhancement of catalase and GSH-px activities. Conclusion: These results suggest that jaceosidin could be a therapeutic candidate to ameliorate hyperglycemia through increase of antioxidant enzyme activity.

References

1. Lim S, Lee EJ, Koo BK, Cho SI, Park KS, Jang HC, Kim SY, Lee HK. Increasing trends of metabolic syndrome in Korea-based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. J Korean Diabetes Assoc. 2005; 29(5):432–439.
2. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 1998; 15(7):539–553.
crossref
3. Pambianco G, Costacou T, Ellis D, Becker DJ, Klein R, Orchard TJ. The 30-year natural history of type 1 diabetes complications: the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study experience. Diabetes. 2006; 55(5):1463–1469.
4. Baynes JW. Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes. 1991; 40(4):405–412.
crossref
5. Eppens MC, Craig ME, Cusumano J, Hing S, Chan AK, Howard NJ, Silink M, Donaghue KC. Prevalence of diabetes complications in adolescents with type 2 compared with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(6):1300–1306.
crossref
6. Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature. 2001; 414(6865):813–820.
crossref
7. Loomans CJ, de Koning EJ, Staal FJ, Rookmaaker MB, Verseyden C, de Boer HC, Verhaar MC, Braam B, Rabelink TJ, van Zonne-veld AJ. Endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction: a novel concept in the pathogenesis of vascular complications of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004; 53(1):195–199.
8. Giacco F, Brownlee M. Chapter 35. Pathogenesis of microvascular complications. Holt RI, Cockram C, Flyvbjerg A, Goldstein BJ, editors. editors.Textbook of Diabetes. 4th edition.Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell;2010. p. 555.
9. Jacob RA. The integrated antioxidant system. Nutr Res. 1995; 15(5):755–766.
crossref
10. Evans JL, Goldfine ID, Maddux BA, Grodsky GM. Oxidative stress and stress-activated signaling pathways: a unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev. 2002; 23(5):599–622.
crossref
11. Yasunari K, Maeda K, Nakamura M, Yoshikawa J. Oxidative stress in leukocytes is a possible link between blood pressure, blood glucose, and C-reacting protein. Hypertension. 2002; 39(3):777–780.
crossref
12. Monnier L, Mas E, Ginet C, Michel F, Villon L, Cristol JP, Colette C. Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2006; 295(14):1681–1687.
crossref
13. Baynes JW, Thorpe SR. Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm. Diabetes. 1999; 48(1):1–9.
crossref
14. Irshad M, Chaudhuri PS. Oxidant-antioxidant system: role and significance in human body. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002; 40(11):1233–1239.
15. Lee SD, Park HH, Kim DW. Bang BB. Bioactive constituents and utilities of Artemisia sp. as medical herb and foodstuff. Korean J Food Nutr. 2000; 13(5):490–505.
16. Ryu SN, Kang SS, Kim JS, Ku BI. Quantitative analysis of eupatilin and Jaceosidin in Artemisia herba. Korean J Crop Sci. 2004; 49(6):452–456.
17. Al-Mustafa AH, Al-Thunibat OY. Antioxidant activity of some Jordanian medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of diabetes. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008; 11(3):351–358.
crossref
18. Hill JO, Peters JC. Biomarkers and functional foods for obesity and diabetes. Br J Nutr. 2002; 88(Suppl 2):S213–S218.
crossref
19. Min SW, Kim NJ, Baek NI, Kim DH. Inhibitory effect of eupatilin and jaceosidin isolated from Artemisia princeps on carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 125(3):497–500.
crossref
20. Riccardi G, Capaldo B, Vaccaro O. Functional foods in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2005; 8(6):630–635.
crossref
21. Kang YJ. Beneficial effects of eupatilin and jaceosidin isolated from Artemisia princeps on regulation of glucose, lipid and antioxidant metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice [dissertation]. Daegu: Kyungpook National University;2008.
22. Farhangkhoee H, Khan ZA, Mukherjee S, Cukiernik M, Barbin YP, Karmazyn M, Chakrabarti S. Heme oxygenase in diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2003; 35(12):1439–1448.
crossref
23. Nagareddy PR, Xia Z, McNeill JH, MacLeod KM. Increased expression of iNOS is associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired pressor responsiveness in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005; 289(5):H2144–H2152.
crossref
24. Komers R, Lindsley JN, Oyama TT, Schutzer WE, Reed JF, Mader SL, Anderson S. Immunohistochemical and functional correlations of renal cyclooxygenase-2 in experimental diabetes. J Clin Invest. 2001; 107(7):889–898.
crossref
25. Huang X, Yuang J, Goddard A, Foulis A, James RF, Lernmark A, Pujol-Borrell R, Rabinovitch A, Somoza N, Stewart TA. Interferon expression in the pancreases of patients with type I diabetes. Diabetes. 1995; 44(6):658–664.
crossref
26. Wentholt IM, Kulik W, Michels RP, Hoekstra JB, DeVries JH. Glucose fluctuations and activation of oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2008; 51(1):183–190.
crossref
27. Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Primary prevention of renal failure in diabetic patients: the Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complication Trial. J Hypertens Suppl. 1998; 16(1):S95–S97.
28. Blake R, Trounce IA. Mitochondrial dysfunction and complications associated with diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014; 1840(4):1404–1412.
crossref
29. Yang HG, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Park SN. Antioxidative and antibacterial activities of Artemisia princeps Pampanini extracts. Korean J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012; 40(3):250–260.
crossref
30. Kim MJ, Kim DH, Lee KW, Yoon DY, Surh YJ. Jaceosidin induces apoptosis in ras-transformed human breast epithelial cells through generation of reactive oxygen species. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007; 1095:483–495.
crossref
31. Lortz S, Tiedge M. Sequential inactivation of reactive oxygen species by combined overexpression of SOD isoforms and catalase in insulin-producing cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003; 34(6):683–688.
crossref
32. Fu Z, Zhen W, Yuskavage J, Liu D. Epigallocatechin gallate delays the onset of type 1 diabetes in spontaneous nonobese diabetic mice. Br J Nutr. 2011; 105(8):1218–1225.
crossref
33. Alam MM, Meerza D, Naseem I. Protective effect of quercetin on hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and DNA damage in alloxan induced type 2 diabetic mice. Life Sci. 2014; 109(1):8–14.
crossref
34. Hong JH, Jeon JL, Lee JH, Lee IS. Antioxidative properties of Artemisia princeps Pamp. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2007; 36(6):657–662.
crossref
35. Lee SJ, Shin JH, Ju JC, Kang SK, Sung NJ. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Orostachys japonicus with medicinal herbs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2013; 42(4):587–594.
crossref
36. Ramachandran V, Saravanan R. Asiatic acid prevents lipid peroxidation and improves antioxidant status in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. J Funct Foods. 2013; 5(3):1077–1087.
crossref
37. Kim MW. Effect of Sea Buckthorn leaves on hepatic enzyme levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2013; 42(1):40–45.
crossref
38. Anaya-Eugenio GD, Rivero-Cruz I, Rivera-Chávez J, Mata R. Hypoglycemic properties of some preparations and compounds from Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014; 155(1):416–425.
crossref
39. Yuan H, Meng S, Wang G, Gong Z, Sun W, He G. Hypoglycemic effect of triterpenoid-rich extracts from Euryale ferox shell on normal and streptozotocin-diabetic mice. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2014; 27(4):859–864.
40. Nakano M, Onodera A, Saito E, Tanabe M, Yajima K, Takahashi J, Nguyen VC. Effect of astaxanthin in combination with alpha-tocopherol or ascorbic acid against oxidative damage in diabetic ODS rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2008; 54(4):329–334.
crossref

Fig. 1.
Effects of jaceosidin intake on fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in STZ-induced mice. A: Fasting blood glucose levels after 8 weeks of diet, B: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 6 week of diet. C: Area of under curve (AUC) was calculated based on OGTT results. D: Insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed at 7 week of diet. E: AUC was calculated based on ITT results.
jnh-47-313f1.tif
Table 1.
Composition of experimental diets (g/Kg diet)
Groups Ingredients Normal D-Control D-0.005% D-0.02%
Corn Starch 397.4 397.4 397.3 397.2
Casein 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0
Dextrin 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0
Sucrose 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Soybean oil 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0
Cellulose 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
Mineral mix.1) 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0
Vitamin mix.2) 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
L-cysteine 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
Choline bitartrate 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Jaceosidin 0.05 0.2

1) AIN-93 mineral mixture 2) AIN-93 vitamin mixture

Table 2.
Effects of jaceosidin on changes in body weight, food intake, and food efficiency ratio in STZ-induced diabetic mice
Groups Initial body weight (g) Final body weight (g) Food intake (g/day) Total body weight gain (g/8 weeks) FER2)
Normal 25.24 ± 1.681) 27.44 ± 3.13a 2.97 ± 0.49c 2.20 ± 2.25a 1.13 ± 0.52a
D-Control 22.70 ± 3.311 21.90 ± 2.88b 5.10 ± 0.57a –0.80 ± 3.82ab –0.16 ± 0.46b
D-0.005% 23.16 ± 1.721) 22.36 ± 1.27b 4.30 ± 0.84b –0.80 ± 2.63ab –0.26 ± 0.41b
D-0.02% 23.98 ± 2.451) 22.48 ± 3.53b 4.67 ± 0.70ab –1.50 ± 2.15b –0.46 ± 0.23b

1) Mean ± SEM 2) FER: Food efficiency ratio

Values not sharing the same letter were significantly different (p < 0.05).

Table 3.
Effects of jaceosidin on organ weight in STZ-induced diabetic mice
Group Normal D-Control D-0.005% D-0.02%
Tissue Weight (g)
    Liver 1.132 ± 0.0931) 1.047 ± 0.231 1.095 ± 0.089 1.061 ± 0.143
    Spleen 0.090 ± 0.026a 0.057 ± 0.021b 0.054 ± 0.008b 0.057 ± 0.016b
    Kidney 0.351 ± 0.033 0.364 ± 0.058 0.347 ± 0.058 0.369 ± 0.048
    Epididymal adipose tissue 0.709 ± 0.273a 0.138 ± 0.148b 0.210 ± 0.122b 0.174 ± 0.191b
    Perirenal adipose tissue 0.231 ± 0.097a 0.017 ± 0.042b 0.034 ± 0.047b 0.045 ± 0.076b

1) Mean ± SEM

Values not sharing the same letter were significantly different (p < 0.05).

Table 4.
Effects of jaceosidin on liver function in STZ-induced diabetic mice
  Normal D-Control D-0.005% D-0.02%
GOT (U/L) 65.8 ± 8.91) 131.8 ± 66.6 93.6 ± 18.1 132.0 ± 70.7
GPT (U/L) 16.6 ± 3.3 55.2 ± 36.2 32.4 ± 5.4 48.7 ± 40.5

1) Mean ± SEM

Values not sharing the same letter were significantly different (p < 0.05).

Table 5.
Effects of jaceosidin on liver lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in STZ-induced diabetic mice
  Normal D-Control D-0.005% D-0.02%
TBARS (µM/mg protein) 0.78 ± 0.051) 0.68 ± 0.04 0.66 ± 0.67 0.79 ± 0.62
SOD (U/ml/mg protein) 67.14 ± 8.15a 36.75 ± 12.41ab 28.94 ± 12.60b 58.49 ± 8.44ab
GSH-px (nmol/min/ml) 694.04 ± 42.53ab 597.82 ± 64.06b 761.95 ± 31.01a 826.57 ± 36.09a
Catalase (nmol/min/ml/mg protein) 323.23 ± 13.03a 272.74 ± 16.40b 289.54 ± 14.52ab 301.79 ± 11.52ab

1) Mean ± SEM

Values not sharing the same letter were significantly different (p < 0.05).

TOOLS
Similar articles