Effects of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes of alcoholic patients

An Na Kim; Hyeon-Sook Lim

doi:10.4163/jnh.2014.47.4.277

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Kim and Lim: Effects of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes of alcoholic patients

Research Article

Journal of Nutrition and Health 2014; 47(4): 277-286.

Published online: 31 August 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.4.277

Effects of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes of alcoholic patients

An Na Kim¹, Hyeon-Sook Lim^1,²

¹Department of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.

²Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. tel: +82-62-530-1332, limhs@jnu.ac.kr

Received 5 March 2014 Revised 10 April 2014 Accepted 26 June 2014

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes of alcoholic patients and how nutrition education affects these nutritional behaviors.

Methods

Subjects included 37 adult male alcoholic patients who were hospitalized. The nutrition education program consisted of five lessons over a five-week period. An each 80-minute nutrition education program per week was implemented for the alcoholic patients over a five-week period. Both before and after the implementation of nutrition education, their nutrition-related knowledge and dietary habits were assessed and nutrient intakes were investigated.

Results

The subjects showed drinking habits of considerably high frequency, a large quantity of alcohol consumption, and preference for soju (a liquor) over beer. They had proper weight, height, and BMI, and came from relatively poor socioeconomic backgrounds with a low-level of self-rated health status and a comparatively high rate of suffering from disease. Mean score of their nutrition-related knowledge and dietary habits was quite low. They consumed less energy, dietary fiber, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid, Ca, and K, but more Na compared to each Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). After implementing the nutrition education, mean score of nutrition-related knowledge and dietary habits showed significant improvement. In addition, the meeting rate of each DRI of several nutrients was increased significantly, including energy, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, and B₆, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, Ca, P, K, Fe, and Zn, while that of Na decreased.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that alcoholic patients had various nutritional problems, such as lack of nutrition-related knowledge, bad dietary habits, and insufficient nutrient intakes, however, these problems can be positively modified by implementation of a relatively short-term nutrition education program.

Keywords: alcoholic patient, nutrition education, nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, nutrient intakes

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Outline of the nutrition education program for alcoholic patients

1) Q & A: Questions and answers 2) ppt: power point

Table 2

Age, anthropometry, socioeconomic status, health-related condition, and drinking habits of the subjects

1) BMI: body mass index

Table 3

Score of the nutrition-related knowledge of the subjects

1) NE: nutrition education 2) ^*: p < .05, ^**: p < .01, ^***: p < .001 by Wilcoxon's matched t-test for the difference between before and after nutrition education. 3) The answer of the questions was 'No'. 4) Values are expressed as Mean ± SD (n = 37).

Table 4

Score of the dietary habits of the subjects

1) NE: nutrition education 2) ^*: p < .05, ^***: p < .001 by Wilcoxon's matched t-test for the difference between before and after nutrition education. 3) Values are expressed as Mean ± SD (n = 37). 4) The score was counted backward.

Table 5

Energy and nutrient intakes of the subjects

1) NE: nutrition education 2) ^*: p < .05, ^***: p < .001 by paired t-test for the difference between before and after nutrition education. 3) EER: Estimated Energy Requirement 4) Values are expressed as Mean ± SD (n = 37). 5) EAR: Estimated Average Requirement 6) AI: Adequate Intake

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