PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between the type of hip fracture-dislocation and nerve injury, the relationship between the treatment of hip fracture-dislocation and nerve recovery and the effectiveness of electromyography(EMG)-nerve conduction study(NCV) for the diagnosis of nerve injury and clinical result. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 8 cases associated with nerve injury of 52 cases which were diagnosed and treated for hip fracture-dislocation from March 1993 to December 1999 with an average follow up period 18.1 months. Mean age was 36.1 years. We assessed the diagnosis of nerve injury through physical exam at emergency room and follow up EMG-NCV. The clinical results of nerve recovery were evaluated according to the Clawson-Seddon classification. RESULT: The cause of injury was motor vehicle accident in all cases. The outcome of the nerve injury was analyzed as 4 complete recovery, 3 partial recovery, 1 no recovery for 31 months follow up. The clinical result was analyzed as 7 satisfactory and 1 unsatisfactory. The latter was complete sciatic nerve injury, seemed to be recovered at follow up EMG-NCV but unsatisfactory for clinical result. CONCLUSION: The nerve injury of the posterior hip fracture-dislocation was not rare and the rate of nerve injury was relatively good. The limitation as a clinical outcome was revealed in the EMG-NCV because one case which seemed to be recovered at follow up EMG-NCV was unsatisfactory for clinical result. In future, we think to require non-invasive, more reliable method for the diagnosis and follow up of the nerve injury and the study of the factor, can improve the nerve recovery.