Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of resistive exercise using an elastic band on range of motion, function and shoulder pain.
Methods
Forty two subjects who had rotator cuff surgery were assigned either to a treatment or a comparison group, twenty one each. Following a six week period after surgery those in the treatment group participated in resistant exercise using an elastic band for four weeks. The subjects in the comparison group did not participate in the exercise program. The goniometer measured range of motion, a modified tool measured function, and a self report numerical rating scale measured pain. The data were analyzed using x2 test, Fisher's exact, t-test and the Mann-Whitney Test.
Results
Although not statistically significant, there was a trend that more subjects in the treatment group had increased range of motion. There was a statistically significance among the treatment group in terms of increased function (p=.015). Further the treatment group reported less pain that those in the comparison group (p<.001).
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Table 1.
Elastic Band Exercise Contents
Table 2.
General Characteristics (N=42)
Characteristics | Categories | Exp. (n=21) | Cont. (n=21) | x2 or Fisher or U | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
Age (year) | 54.7±7.6 | 55.7±10.0 | 476.00† | .545 | |
Gender | Male | 8 (38.1) | 9 (42.9) | 0.10‡ | 1.000 |
Female | 13 (61.9) | 12 (57.1) | |||
Marital status | Single | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0.00‡ | 1.000 |
Married | 20 (95.2) | 20 (95.2) | |||
Occupation | Yes | 10 (47.6) | 10 (47.6) | 0.00‡ | 1.000 |
No | 11 (52.4) | 11 (52.4) | |||
Education level | ≤Junior high school | 6 (28.6) | 6 (28.6) | 1.12§ | 1.000 |
High school | 8 (38.1) | 8 (38.1) | |||
≥College | 7 (33.3) | 7 (33.3) | |||
Periods of pain (month) | <6 | 13 (61.9) | 11 (52.4) | 0.54‡ | .828 |
6~<12 | 6 (28.6) | 7 (33.3) | |||
12~<36 | 2 (9.5) | 3 (14.3) | |||
Preoperative treatment | Medication | 16 (76.2) | 13 (61.9) | 1.40§ | .776 |
Physiotherapy | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | |||
Herbal healing | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.8) |
Table 3.
Homogeneity of Dependent Variables (N=42)
Variables | Categories | Exp. (n=21) | Cont. (n=21) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
M±SD | M±SD | |||
Range of motion | Flexion | 101.19±35.81 | 89.05±38.69 | .297 |
Extension | 40.24±7.33 | 32.38±9.30 | .004 | |
Adduction | 26.67±10.65 | 25.00±8.66 | .540† | |
Abduction | 83.57±28.42 | 73.33±29.04 | .255 | |
Internal rotation | 24.52±12.54 | 21.43±13.15 | .429† | |
External rotation | 39.05±23.33 | 32.14±20.53 | .426† | |
Function | 15.19±9.543 | 12.80±9.031 | .428† | |
Pain | 4.57±1.83 | 4.33±1.85 | .662† |
Table 4.
Differences in Range of Motion, Function and Pain between the Experimental and Control Group (N=42)
Variables | Categories | Group | Pretest | Posttest | Difference | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M±SD | M±SD | M±S | ||||
Range of motion | Flexion | Exp. (n=21) | 101.19±35.81 | 163.81±19.93 | 62.62±27.64 | .034† |
Cont. (n=21) | 89.05±38.69 | 138.10±24.37 | 49.05±32.70 | |||
Extension | Exp. (n=21) | 40.24±7.33 | 56.19±5.68 | 15.95±6.45 | .154† | |
Cont. (n=21) | 32.38±9.30 | 45.95±5.84 | 13.57±7.44 | |||
Adduction | Exp. (n=21) | 26.67±10.65 | 42.86±3.73 | 16.19±9.86 | .474† | |
Cont. (n=21) | 25.00±8.66 | 40.71±5.54 | 15.71±8.84 | |||
Abduction | Exp. (n=21) | 83.57±28.42 | 153.57±30.26 | 70.00±22.64 | <.001 | |
Cont. (n=21) | 73.33±29.04 | 116.67±25.61 | 43.33±20.33 | |||
Internal rotation | Exp. (n=21) | 24.52±12.54 | 62.62±44.52 | 38.10±11.78 | <.001 | |
Cont. (n=21) | 21.43±13.15 | 44.52±16.35 | 23.10±12.70 | |||
External rotation | Exp. (n=21) | 39.05±23.33 | 82.38±12.21 | 43.33±21.70 | .031 | |
Cont. (n=21) | 32.14±20.53 | 63.81±21.50 | 31.67±17.27 | |||
Function | Exp. (n=21) | 15.19±9.54 | 34.43±7.42 | 19.24±8.01 | .015 | |
Cont. (n=21) | 12.80±9.03 | 26.67±6.19 | 13.86±7.45 | |||
Pain | Exp. (n=21) | 4.57±1.83 | 2.76±1.38 | -1.81±1.44 | <.001† | |
Cont. (n=21) | 4.33±1.85 | 4.19±1.33 | -0.14±1.56 |