Journal List > Korean J Adult Nurs > v.27(1) > 1076338

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Korean J Adult Nurs. 2015 Feb;27(1):39-51. Korean.
Published online February 28, 2015.  https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.1.39
© 2015 Korean Society of Adult Nursing
Development and Validation of the Hospital Violence Attitude Scale-18 (HVAS-18) for Clinical Nurses
Eun-Ho Ha,1 Jin-Young Cho,2 and Jin-Mi Kim3
1Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
2College of Nursing, Hyejeon University, Hongseong, Korea.
3Department of Statistics, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Cho, Jin-Young. College of Nursing, Hyejeon University, 25 Daehak-gil, Hongseong-eup, Hongseong 350-702, Korea. Tel: +82-41-630-5270, Fax: +82-41-630-5296, Email: cjy1205@hj.ac.kr
Received October 25, 2014; Revised February 11, 2015; Accepted February 11, 2015.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Hospital Violence Attitude Scale-18 (HVAS-18) for clinical nurses.

Methods

The HVAS-18 was developed and validated in 3 steps: Item generation through literature reviews and in-depth interviews, pilot study, and the validity and reliability tests using a test-retest technique. Forty-one items were initially extracted by 8 experts, and 18 items were finally developed by item and factor analysis. The final HVAS-18 was evaluated by 326 clinical nurses from seven general hospitals in three cities. The collected data were analyzed using factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's α

Results

Five discrete factors emerged, which explained 64.0% of the total variance. Each five factor was labeled: Factor 1 (6 items) 'awareness'explained 18.2%; Factor 2 (4 items) 'response' explained 12.9%; Factor 3 (4 items) 'reaction' explained 12.9%; Factor 4 (2 items) 'result-nursing' explained 10.2%; and Factor 5 (2 items) 'result-violence offender' explained 9.6%. The internal consistency, Cronbach's α, was .87, and reliability of the sub-scales ranged from .72 to .83.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that HVAS-18 can be an useful, reliable, and valid instrument for measuring hospital violence attitude of clinical nurses.

Keywords: Hospitals; Violence; Attitude; Validation studies

Tables


 Table 1
General Characteristics of the Participants (N=326)
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Table 2
Item Analysis and Factor Analysis (N=326)
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Table 3
Hospital Violence Attitude Scale-18
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Table 4
Convergent and Discriminant Validity (N=326)
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Table 5
Correlations and Reliability (N=326)
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