Association between oxidative stress and blood pressure in Korean subclinical hypertensive patients

Jeong-Hwa Han; Hye-Jin Lee; Hee Jeong Choi; Kyung Eun Yun; Myung-Hee Kang

doi:10.4163/kjn.2013.46.2.126

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Han, Lee, Choi, Yun, and Kang: Association between oxidative stress and blood pressure in Korean subclinical hypertensive patients

Research Article

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2013; 46(2): 126-136.

Published online: 30 April 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2013.46.2.126

Association between oxidative stress and blood pressure in Korean subclinical hypertensive patients

Jeong-Hwa Han¹, Hye-Jin Lee¹, Hee Jeong Choi², Kyung Eun Yun³, Myung-Hee Kang¹

¹Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 305-811, Korea.

²Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 302-799, Korea.

³Health Screening Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul 100-742, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (mhkang@hnu.kr)

Received 19 February 2013 Revised 12 March 2013 Accepted 12 April 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This study was conducted in order to investigate the association between hypertension and oxidative stress-related parameters and to evaluate these parameters in subclinical hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects living in Korea. We attempted to determine whether oxidative stress-related parameters would differ between two groups of 227 newly-diagnosed, untreated (systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 mmHg and diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg) and 130 normotensive subjects (systolic BP < 120 mmHg and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg). General characteristics of the subjects were collected using a simple questionnaire. From subjects' blood, degree of DNA damage in lymphocytes, the activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, level of plasma total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), glutathione, and anti-oxidative vitamins, as well as plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene (CD) were analyzed. Evaluation of the associations of oxidative stress-related parameters with blood pressure of the subjects was performed using Pearson partial correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. Several oxidative stress-related parameters were higher in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Plasma levels of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, TRAP, and activity of GSH-px were significantly lower in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Increased levels of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were observed in subclinical hypertensive patients. These results confirm an association between blood pressure and oxidative stress-related parameters and suggest that the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in hypertension might be significant.

Keywords: blood pressure, oxidative stress, antioxidative status, DNA damage, lipid profiles

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General characteristics of the subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E. 2) SBP: systolic blood pressure 3) DBP: diastolic blood pressure 4) Pack-years = (Cigarettes smoked/day × years smoked)/20

^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins, glutathione and TRAP in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E. 2) TRAP: total radical-trapping antioxidant potential

^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 3

Activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E.

^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 4

Levels of lymphocyte DNA damage in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) Measured with the comet assay 2) All values are Means ± S.E.

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 5

Plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E.

^***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Pearson's partial correlation coefficients between blood pressure and antioxidant-related parameters in the subjects after adjusting age, sex, body weight, body fat, BMI and WHR

1) r = Pearson's partial correlation coefficients 2) p = probability 3) Measured with the comet assay 4) NS: not significant

Table 7

Odds ratios (95% CI) for hypertension associated with oxidative stress-related parameters: Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis¹⁾

1) Values are adjusted for age, sex, body weight (kg), body fat (%), BMI (Body mass index) and WHR (Waist hip ratio)

Table 8

Pearson's partial correlation coefficients between lymphocyte DNA damage and antioxidant-related parameters in the subjects after adjusting age, sex, body weight, body fat, BMI and WHR

1) r = Pearson's correlation coefficient 2) p = probability 3) NS: not significant at α = 0.05

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