Comparison of the lipids levels, C-reactive protein and adiponectin in adolescent male by fat intake

Sung-Hye Lee; Mi-Young Park; Soon-Kyung Kim; Young-Ki Min

doi:10.4163/kjn.2012.45.4.303

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Lee, Park, Kim, and Min: Comparison of the lipids levels, C-reactive protein and adiponectin in adolescent male by fat intake

Research Article

Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2012; 45(4): 303-314.

Published online: 31 August 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2012.45.4.303

Comparison of the lipids levels, C-reactive protein and adiponectin in adolescent male by fat intake

Sung-Hye Lee¹, Mi-Young Park², Soon-Kyung Kim¹, Young-Ki Min³

¹Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea.

²Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.

³Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 330-721, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (soon56@sch.ac.kr)

Received 1 August 2012 Revised 10 August 2012 Accepted 16 August 2012

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary fat intake, anthropometric data, blood lipids, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin in Korean male college students. Forty-eight subjects were divided into 2 groups based on dietary fat intake: UERF (under 30% of energy ratio for fat source), AERF (above 30% of energy ratio for fat souce). We collected dietary intake data using 24-hour dietary recall for 3 days. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured by using standard methods. Segmental body composition analysis was carried out using an 8-electrode multifrequency bioelectrical impedance method of body fat estimation. There was no significant difference in anthropometric data and serum lipid profile between UERF and AERF group. Serum C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in the AERF group compared to the UERF group. Although there was no significant difference in serum adiponectin level between UERF and AERF groups, subjects had lower adiponectin levels. Correlation data show that serum adiponectin level was positively correlated with vegetable intake (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary fat intake had a positive correlation with meat (p < 0.01), whereas a negative correlation with grain (p < 0.01), vegetables (p < 0.05), and fish (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the increased fat intake of non-obese Korean male college students is associated with their increased serum C-reactive protein concentration. Therefore, proper guidelines on fat intake and nutrition education are necessary for the prevention and management of metabolic syndromes.

Keywords: male college student, fat intake, C-reactive protein, adiponectin

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Distribution of serum adiponectin concentration of the subjects.

Table 1

General characteristics and anthropometric parameters of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) Mean ± SD 5) Body fat mass 6) Fat free mass 7) Body mass index 8) Percent body fat 9) Waist-hip ratio 10) Visceral fat area 11) Fitness score 12) Systolic pressure 13) Diastolic pressure

Table 2

Serum lipid concentrations of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) Mean ± SD 5) HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol 6) LDL-C: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol 7) Atherogenic index = (Total cholesterol-HDL-C)/HDL-C 8) Cardiac risk factor = Total cholesterol/HDL-C 9) LDL-C/HDL-C ratio; LPH 10) TC/HDL-C ratio; THR

Table 3

Serum C-reactive protein and adiponectin concentrations of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) C-reactive protein 5) Mean ± SD

^*: p < 0.05

Table 4

Mean daily nutrient intakes of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) Estimated energy requirement, Values are expressed as EER amount (% EER of intake) 5) Recommended nutrient intake based on dietary reference for Koreans (2010). Values are expressed as RNI amount (% RNI of intake) 6) Adequate intake based on dietary reference intakes for Koreans (2010). Values are expressed as AI amount (% AI of intake) 7) Mean ± SD 8) Total fatty acids 9) Saturated fatty acids 10) Monounsaturated fatty acids 11) Polyunsaturated fatty acids

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 5

Daily fat intakes per 1,000 kcal in the subjects

1) Under 30% of Energy Ratio for Fat source 2) Above 30% of Energy Ratio for Fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) Mean ± SD

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Major top 10 food sources contributed to total fat of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source

Table 7

The amount of food intakes of the subjects

1) Under 30% of energy ratio for fat source 2) Above 30% of energy ratio for fat source 3) Significance as determined by student's t-test 4) Mean ± SD

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 8

Correlation coefficients between serum lipids, C-reactive protein, adiponectin and variables

1) Body fat mass 2) Fat free mass 3) Body mass index 4) Percent body fat 5) Waist-hip ratio 6) Visceral fat area 7) Diastolic pressure 8) Total fatty acids 9) Monounsaturated fatty acids

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Notes

This study was supported in part by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.

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