Relationship between Bone Morphological Microstructure and Inflammatory Markers in Growing Mice Fed a High Fat Diet

Mi-Sung Kim; Hyun-A Lee; Ok-Jin Kim; Cheong-Min Sohn

doi:10.4163/kjn.2011.44.6.481

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Kim, Lee, Kim, and Sohn: Relationship between Bone Morphological Microstructure and Inflammatory Markers in Growing Mice Fed a High Fat Diet

Research Article

Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2011; 44(6): 481-487.

Published online: 31 December 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2011.44.6.481

Relationship between Bone Morphological Microstructure and Inflammatory Markers in Growing Mice Fed a High Fat Diet

Mi-Sung Kim¹, Hyun-A Lee², Ok-Jin Kim², Cheong-Min Sohn¹

¹Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea.

²Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (ccha@wku.ac.kr)

Received 8 October 2011 Revised 12 November 2011 Accepted 17 November 2011

Abstract

Obesity not only reduces bone mineral density but also increases inflammatory markers. Therefore, we examined the change in inflammatory markers and morphological microstructure of the bones using a mouse model fed a high-fat diet. C57BL/6J 4-week-old male mice were divided into a control group (n = 6) and a experimental group (n = 6); the control group was provided with 10% Kcal fat diet, and the high-fat diet group was provided with 45% Kcal fat diet for 12 weeks using the free provision method. Blood was analyzed for inflammatory markers, and micro-computed tomography was used to measure the morphological microstructure of the femoral bone. The weight increases in the control group and high-fat diet group were 5.85 ± 1.84 g and 16.06 ± 5.64 g, respectively (p < 0.01), glucose was 115.00 ± 16.88 mg/dL and 188.33 ± 13.29 mg/dL (p < 0.01), and triglycerides were 65.00 ± 6.19 mg/dL and 103.33 ± 8.02 mg/dL (p < 0.05) respectively. Leptin and interleukin (IL)-6 were significantly higher in the high-fat diet group than that in the control group (p < 0.01). As a result of a biochemical index analysis of bone metabolism, osteocalcin tended to be lower in the high-fat diet group, whereas CTx was significantly higher in the high-fat diet group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.01). The thickness of the bony trabecula was significantly narrower in the high-fat diet group than that in the control group (p < 0.05), and the gap in the bony trabecula was significantly wider in the high-fat diet group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). IL-6 and the gap in the bone trabecula, which was a morphological microstructure of the bones, showed a positive correlation (p < 0.05). Taken together, inducing obesity through a high-fat diet in mice during the growth phase caused a change in bone microstructure and was correlated with the inflammation index. Accordingly, restriction of excessive fat intake may be needed to suppress the inflammatory reactions and promote normal bone formation.

Keywords: high fat diet, inflammation markers, bone morphological microstructure

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Results were gain weight of control and high-fat diet mice.

Fig. 2

Micro-CT scout image of control and high-fat diet mice.

Table 1

Body weight and food efficiency ratio of control and high-fat diet mice

1)HFD: high-fat diet mice 2)Mean ± SE 3)FER: food efficiency ratio

^**: p < 0.01 by Mann-whitney test

Table 2

Body fat weight of control and high-fat diet mice

1)HFD: high-fat diet mice 2)Mean ± SE

^**: p < 0.01 by Mann-whitney test

Table 3

Biochemical indices of control and high-fat diet mice

1)HFD: high-fat diet mice 2)Mean ± SE 3)T-Chol: total cholesterol 4)TG: triglyceride 5)HDL-Chol: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol 6)CTx: type I collagen C-telopeptide

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 by Mann-whitney test

Table 4

Bone mineral density and bone morphological microstructure of control and high-fat diet mice

1)HFD: high-fat diet 2)Mean ± SE 3)BMD: bone mineral density 4)BV: bone volume 5)BV/TV: percent bone volume 6)BS/BV: bone specific surface 7)Tb.Th: trabecular thickness 8)Tb.n: trabecular number 9)Tb.Sp: trabecular separation 10)SMI: structure model index

^*: p < 0.05 by Mann-whitney test

Table 5

Correlation of bone mineral density and bone morphological microstructure with inflammatory markers

1)BMD: bone mineral density 2)Tb.Th: trabecular thickness 3)Tb.Sp: trabecular separation 4)Tb.n: trabecular number 5)Spearman rank correlation coefficient

Notes

This work was supported by grants from Wonkwang University in 2011.

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