Bioavailability of Aspartic Acid Chelated Calcium in Calcium Deficient Rats

Myoung-Gyu Park; Tae-Yul Ha; Kwang-Soon Shin

doi:10.4163/kjn.2011.44.6.474

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Park, Ha, and Shin: Bioavailability of Aspartic Acid Chelated Calcium in Calcium Deficient Rats

Research Article

Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2011; 44(6): 474-480.

Published online: 31 December 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2011.44.6.474

Bioavailability of Aspartic Acid Chelated Calcium in Calcium Deficient Rats

Myoung-Gyu Park^1,³, Tae-Yul Ha², Kwang-Soon Shin¹

¹Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 443-760, Korea.

²Korea Food Research Institute, Suwon 463-746, Korea.

³Department of Integrated Lead Discovery, Mazence Co. Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (ksshin@kyonggi.ac.kr)

Received 26 October 2011 Revised 9 November 2011 Accepted 10 November 2011

Abstract

Calcium (Ca) is an essential element to maintain body homeostasis. However, many factors disturb calcium absorption. Aspartic acid chelated calcium (AAC) was synthesized by new methods using calcium carbonate and aspartic acid. This study was carried out to investigate the bioavailability of AAC in Ca-deficient rats. The experimental groups were as follows: NC; normal diet control group, CD-C; untreated control group of Ca-deficient (CD) rats, CD-CaCO₃; CaCO₃ treated group of CD rats, CD-AAC; AAC treated group of CD rats, and CD-SWC; and seaweed-derived Ca treated group of CD rats. The Ca content of various types of Ca was held constant at 32 mg/day, and the four CD groups were fed for 7 days after randomized grouping. Ca content in serum, urine, and feces within feeding periods were analyzed to confirm Ca absorption. Serum Ca content was significantly higher in the CD-AAC (11.24 mg/dL) and CD-SWC (10.12 mg/dL) groups than that in the CD-C (8.6 mg/dL) group 2 hours following the first administration. The Ca content in feces was significantly lower in the CD-AAC (35.4 mg/3 days) and CD-SWC (71.1 mg/3 day) groups than that in the CD-CaCO₃ (98.7 mg/3 days) group (p > 0.05). AAC had a 2.3-fold higher absorption rate of Ca than that of SWC. No differences in fibula length were observed in the NC and CD groups. The fibula weights of the CD-AAC (0.33 g) and CD-SWC (0.33 g) groups increased compared to those in the CD-C (0.27 g) group; however, no significant difference was observed between the CD groups. We conclude that bioavailability of AAC is higher than that of seaweed-derived Ca or inorganic Ca. Thus, these findings suggest the AAC has potential as a functional food material related to Ca metabolism.

Keywords: aspartic acid chelated calcium, bioavailability, adsorption, calcium deficient rat

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Acute metabolic effects by various forms of calcium supplement. NC: normal control, CD-C: Vehicle administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-CaCO₃: CaCO₃ administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-AAC: amino acid chelated calcium (AAC) administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-SWC: seaweed-derived calcium administration on calcium deficient rat. Bloods were collected in two hours following first administration. Values are Mean ± SD for 6 rats. Means with different superscript letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range tests.

Fig. 2

Changes of length (A) and weight (B) on fibula by various forms of calcium supplement. NC: normal control, CD-C: Vehicle administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-CaCO₃: CaCO₃ administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-AAC: amino acid chelated calcium (AAC) administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-SWC: seaweed-derived calcium administration on calcium deficient rat. Fibulas were collected in 7 days following first administration. Values are Mean ± SD for 6 rats. Means with different superscript letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range tests. ns: not significant.

Table 1

Diet composition (g/kg diet) and feed rate of calcium

¹⁾NC (normal control) group: AIN-76 mineral mixture, CD (calcium Deficient) groups: Ca deficient mineral mixture ²⁾Vitamin mixture: AIN-93G.

Table 2

Apparent calcium absorption

CD-C: vehicle administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-CaCO₃: CaCO₃ administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-AAC: amino acid chelated calcium (AAC) administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-SWC: seaweed-derived calcium administration on calcium deficient rat. Feces were collected for 3 days following first administration. Values are Mean ± SD for 6 rats. Means with different superscript letters in Ca intake group are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range tests

Table 3

Body weight, weight gain, diet intake, and organ weight

¹⁾IBW: Initial body weight ²⁾FBW: Final body weight ³⁾TDI: Total diet intake. Values are Mean ± SD for 6 rats. Means with different superscript letters in same items are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range tests. ^ns: not significant

Table 4

Calcium concentration of serum and urine

NC: normal control, CD-C: vehicle administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-CaCO₃: CaCO₃ administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-AAC: amino acid chelated calcium (AAC) administration on calcium deficient rat, CD-SWC: seaweed-derived calcium administration on calcium deficient rat. Values are Mean ± SD for 6 rats. Means with different superscript letters in same items are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range tests. ns: not significant

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