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Pak, Lee, and Hong: The Food and Nutrient Intakes on weekdays and weekends Among High School Girls in Seoul
Research Article
Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2010; 43(5): 513-523.

Published online: 31 October 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2010.43.5.513

The Food and Nutrient Intakes on weekdays and weekends Among High School Girls in Seoul

Sohyun Pak, Jung Sug Lee, Heeok Hong

Department of Food Service Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (hhong2009@hanmail.net)

Received 16 August 2010       Revised 30 September 2010       Accepted 8 October 2010

© 2010 The Korean Nutrition Society

Abstract

The food and nutrient intakes on weekdays and weekends was examined with 196 high school girls residing in Seoul using the 3-day food record. Frequency for skipping breakfast was higher than that for lunch and dinner. Frequencies for skipping breakfast and lunch were significantly higher on weekends than on weekdays (p < 0.05). The daily average food, vegetable food, and animal food intakes were 1,074.8 g, 680.0 g, and 317.3 g, respectively. The total food and vegetable food intakes on weekdays were significantly higher than on weekends (p < 0.05). The daily average dietary variety score (DVS) was 20.5, and was significantly higher on weekdays (23.3) than on weekends (15.1)(p < 0.05). The daily averages of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake were 1,732.9 kcal, 68 g, 56.2 g, and 240.9 g, respectively. Energy, protein, carbohydrate, phosphate, iron, sodium, potassium, thiamin, niacin, folate and vitamin C intakes were significantly higher on weekdays than on weekends (p < 0.05). Fat intake was significantly lower on weekdays than on weekends (p < 0.05). The daily average percentages of energy intake from carbohydrate, protein, and fat were 55.4%, 15.6%, and 29.0%: 56.1%, 15.8%, and 28.2% on weekdays and 54.7%, 15.3%, and 30.1% on weekends, respectively. The percentages of energy intake from carbohydrate on weekdays and weekends were below 60%, and that from fat was above 28% on weekdays and weekends. The daily averages of energy, vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin and phosphate intake were above 80% as compared with the estimated energy requirement (EER) or the recommended intake (RI). The intakes of calcium, potassium and folate were below 50% as compared with the adequate intake (AI) or (RI). The daily average mean adequacy ratio (MAR), an index of overall dietary quality, was 0.77, and significantly high school girls was worse on weekends than on weekdays.

Keywords: food intake, nutrient intake, high school girl, weekday, weekend

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Dietary variety score (DVS) of weekday and weekend. *: Significantly different between weekday and weekend at α = 0.05 by paired t-test.
kjn-43-513-g001
Fig. 2
Nutrient intake percentages of recommended intake (RI) in high school girls. *: Significantly different between weekday and weekend at α = 0.05 by paired t-test.
kjn-43-513-g002
Fig. 3
Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of weekday and weekend. *: Significantly different between weekday and weekend at α = 0.05 by paired t-test.
kjn-43-513-g003
Table 1
Socioeconomic status of the subject's family
kjn-43-513-i001

1) Mean ± SE

Table 2
Anthropometric data of the subjects
kjn-43-513-i002

1) Body mass index = {weight (kg)/height (m)2}

Table 3
Percentage of meal skipping of weekday and weekend (%)
kjn-43-513-i003

*: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001

Table 4
Food intakes of weekday and weekend (g/day)
kjn-43-513-i004

1) Mean ± SE

*: Significantly different between weekday and weekend at α = 0.05 by paired t-test

Table 5
Frequently consumed food of weekly and weekend
kjn-43-513-i005

1) Mean ± SE, 2) Intake % = (individual food intake/total food intake) × 100

Table 6
Nutrient intakes of weekday and weekend
kjn-43-513-i006

1) Mean ± SE, 2) DFE: Dietary Folate Equivalent

*: Significantly different between weekday and weekend at α = 0.05 by paired t-test

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