The Effect of Nutrition Education and Excercise Program on Body Composition and Dietary Intakes, Blood Lipid and Physical Fitness in Obese Women

Hee Seung Lee; Ji Won Lee; Namsoo Chang; Ji-Myung Kim

doi:10.4163/kjn.2009.42.8.759

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Lee, Lee, Chang, and Kim: The Effect of Nutrition Education and Excercise Program on Body Composition and Dietary Intakes, Blood Lipid and Physical Fitness in Obese Women

Original Article

Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2009; 42(8): 759-769.

Published online: 31 December 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2009.42.8.759

The Effect of Nutrition Education and Excercise Program on Body Composition and Dietary Intakes, Blood Lipid and Physical Fitness in Obese Women

Hee Seung Lee¹, Ji Won Lee¹, Namsoo Chang¹, Ji-Myung Kim²

¹Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.

²Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hanbuk University, Dongducheon 483-120, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (kjm@hanbuk.ac.kr)

Received 11 September 2009 Revised 12 November 2009 Accepted 17 November 2009

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of the nutrition education and exercise program on body composition, dietary intakes and physical fitness in obese women. The subjects were 44 obese women (BMI≥ 25 kg/m²) who had been participating in nutrition education (1 time/week) and exercise program (3 time/week) for 12 weeks. Nutrition education was focused on low energy, high protein and low carbohydrate diet to reduce the body weight and improve the diet quality. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, daily nutrient intakes were assessed by 24-hour recall method. Body composition, blood lipid profiles and physical fitness test were assessed before and after the intervention. After the intervention, body weight, BMI, percent body fat, soft lean mass and waist/hip ratio were significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Fasting blood sucrose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) were significantly decreased (p < 0.001), while HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased (p < 0.001). Energy adjusted protein, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B₂, vitamin B₆, vitamin C, vitamin E, niacin and folate were significantly increased. After the intervention, the muscle endurance, muscle strength, agility, balance were significantly increased. The changes in obesity indices (body weight, BMI, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio) were correlated with the changes of the nutrient intakes, serum lipid profiles, physical fitness. These results show that nutrition education and exercise program was effective not only for weight reduction but also for the improvement of physical strength and cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese women.

Keywords: nutrition education, exercise, dietary intakes, physical fitness, obese women

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Nutrition education and exercise program contents

Table 2

General characteristics of the subjects

1) Values are mean ± SD

2) Values are expressed as frequency (percentage)

Table 3

Change of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and serum lipid profiles in the subjects according to intervention

1) Change, %: [(Final-baseline)/baseline*100]

2) Values are mean ± SD

3) Significantly different between baseline and final by paired t-test (^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001)

4) AI: Atherogenic index (total cholesterol-HDL-cholesterol)/HDL-cholesterol

Table 4

Daily energy and nutrient intakes in subjects according to intervention

1) Change, %: [(Final-baseline)/baseline*100]

2) Values are mean ± SD

3) Significantly different between baseline and final by paired t-test (^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001)

4) Intake was adjusted for 1,000 kcal of energy

Table 5

Change of physical fitness in the subjects according to intervention

1) Change, %: [(Final-baseline)/baseline*100]

2) Values are mean ± SD

3) Significantly different between baseline and final by paired t-test (^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001)

Table 6

The partial correlation coefficients between changes¹⁾ in anthropometric parameters and changes in nutrient intake, serum lipid profiles and physical fitness

1) Change, %: [(Final-baseline)/baseline*100]

2) Significantly different by partial correlation analysis after adjusting for age, menopausal status, alcohol drinking, nutritional supplement, exercise status ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

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