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Cho, Kim, Choi, Lim, Kwon, and Chang: The Scope of Population Groups and Nutrients for Codex Nutrient Reference Values
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Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2009; 42(2): 189-196.

Published online: 31 March 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2009.42.2.189

The Scope of Population Groups and Nutrients for Codex Nutrient Reference Values

Youn-Ok Cho1, Hye-Young P. Kim2, Young-Sun Choi3, Hyeon-Sook Lim4, Oran Kwon5, Namsoo Chang5

1Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea.

2Department of Food and Nutrition, Yongin University, Yongin 449-714, Korea.

3Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Korea.

4Department of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757 Korea.

5Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (yunokcho@duksung.ac.kr)

© 2009 The Korean Nutrition Society

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to establish the scope of population groups to be set and nutrients to be included for Codex Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). Examination of a variety of documents and reports on the principles of scientific evidence was gone through to choose representative groups from a variety of population groups and kinds of nutrients for setting Codex NRVs. Also, hearings from the groups of NRVs expertise has been formed and was gone through by e-working process. The differences of food and foods being consumed in general and by specific population groups and limited actual space on packages for food labeling were considered. This paper suggest the options on the scope of population groups to be set and nutrients to be included for Codex NRVs on the basis of the above procedures. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of these options are commented when the options are applied for establishment and revision of the Codex NRVs.

Keywords: codex NRVs, food labelling, DRIs, population group, nutrient list

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Various options of selecting different populations as shown in the Summary of Recommendations from Various Authoritative Scientific Reports and EWG members (CX/NFSDU 06/28/8)
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Table 2
Ages of different populations of dietary reference intakes of various countries
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Table 3
Nutrient reference values (CODEX guidelines on nutrition labeling CAC/GL 2-1985, Rev. 1-1993)
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Table 4
International comparison of nutrient reference values for nutrition labeling in vitamins and minerals
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Table 5
International comparison of macro-nutrient list and terminology for nutrient reference values in adults
kjn-42-189-i005

1)EER: Estimated Energy Requirements 2)REI: Recommended Energy Intakes 3)RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance 4)EAR: Estimated Average Requirements 5)RI: Recommended Intake 6)AI: Adequate Intake 7)AMDR: Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges 8)RNI: Recommended Nutrient Intake

Table 6
International comparison of vitamin list and terminology for nutrient reference values in adults
kjn-42-189-i006

1)EAR: Estimated Average Requirements 2)RI: Recommended Intake 3)AI: Adequate Intake 4)UL: Tolerable Upper Intake Level 5)RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance 6)RNI: Recommended Nutrient Intake 7)EVAI: Estimated values for adequate intake

Table 7
International comparison of mineral list and terminology for nutrient reference values in adults
kjn-42-189-i007

1)EAR: Estimated Average Requirements 2)RI: Recommended Intake 3)AI: Adequate Intake 4)UL: Tolerable Upper Intake Level 5)DG: Dietary Goal 6)RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance 7)RNI: Recommended Nutrient Intake 8)EVAI: Estimated values for adequate intake

Table 8
Summary of responses on listing nutrients for NRV from EWG members
kjn-42-189-i008

1)∨ means positive response 2)Supports NRVs for Protein but not the expansion to the other macro nutrients 3)Supports NRVs for Protein but not the expansion to the other macro nutrients (The guideline for use of nutrition & health claims include criteria for protein and vitamins & minerals). But may be appropriate if in the future criteria for nutrition claims based on RI are included in the Codex guideline for use of nutrition & health claims 4)Concept is valid. But need to develop NRVs for all nutrients RDA-PRI values. As a practical decision, should have the immediate goal of setting NRVs for the vitamins & minerals. 5)No established requirement for energy, carbohydrate and fats on different ages. No references for long chain fatty acids, choline etc. 6)Concept is valid. But the difficulty will be in identifying and agreeing to values

Notes

This research was supported by the grant from the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA 2007-9214).

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