Comparison of Diet Quality and Diversity according to Obesity Type among 19-64 year old Korean Adults

Hyae Min Gu; So Yeon Ryu; Jong Park; Mi Ah Han; Yeong Eun Son

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.6.545

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Gu, Ryu, Park, Han, and Son: Comparison of Diet Quality and Diversity according to Obesity Type among 19-64 year old Korean Adults

Research Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2016; 21(6): 545-557.

Published online: 31 December 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.6.545

Comparison of Diet Quality and Diversity according to Obesity Type among 19-64 year old Korean Adults

Hyae Min Gu¹⁾, So Yeon Ryu²⁾

, Jong Park²⁾, Mi Ah Han²⁾, Yeong Eun Son¹⁾

¹Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.

²Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.

Corresponding author: So-Yeon Ryu. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundae-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea. Tel: (062) 230-6483, Fax: (062) 225-8293, canrsy@chosun.ac.kr

Received 13 October 2016 Revised 9 December 2016 Accepted 22 December 2016

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was performed to compare the diet quality and diversity according to types of obesity categorized by body mass index and waist circumference among Korean adults aged 19-64 years.

Methods

This study used the data of the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-V) and included 11,081 study participants. Type of obesity was categorized into 4 groups (Type 1: BMI obesity + abdominal obesity; Type 2: BMI obesity only; Type 3: abdominal obesity only; Type 4: Normal). To compare the diet quality and diversity according to obesity type, ANCOVA (Analysis of covariance) was used with stratification of age groups (19-44 years, 45-64 years).

Results

With regard to comparative analysis of diet quality, there were significant differences between diet qualities in energy, protein, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, phosphorous and iron and type of obesity in the 19-44 age group, while there were significant differences between diet qualities on protein, vitamin C, phosphorous and type of obesity in the 45-64 age group. There was no significant difference between diet diversity score and type of obesity in Korean adults.

Conclusions

This study showed that in Korean adults, diet qualities of some nutrients were different among obesity types, while diet diversity was not. These observations should be considered in an effort to improve intake of over-and deficient nutrients and in further studies to evaluate the effects of nutrient quality on obesity.

Keywords: abdominal obesity, diet quality, diet diversity, Korean, obesity

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Distribution of characteristics according to obesity types in 19-44 years old subjects

1) Estimated % (%SE)

2) Female only

^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001 by χ²-test

Table 2

Distribution of characteristics according to obesity types in 45-64 years old subjects

1) Estimated % (%SE)

2) Female only

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by χ²-test or T-test

Table 3

Energy and nutrient intakes of study subjects according to obesity types

1) Mean±SE

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by ANCOVA adjusted with age, sex, education, marital status, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake frequency, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia diagnosis

Table 4

Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) according to obesity types

1) Mean±SE

Table 5

Index of nutritional quality (INQ) according to obesity types in subjects

1) Mean±SE

^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001 by ANCOVA adjusted with age, sex, education, marital status, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake frequency, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia diagnosis

Table 6

Food intakes from 6 food groups according to obesity types in subjects

1) Mean±SE

^*: p < 0.05 by ANCOVA adjusted with age, sex, education, marital status, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake frequency, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia diagnosis

Table 7

Dietary diversity score (DDS) according to obesity types

1) estimated % (%SE)

2) Mean±SE

^*: p < 0.05 by χ²-test

Table 8

Distribution of food group intake patterns (CMDFVO) according to obesity types

1) CMDFVO (Cereal, Meat, Dairy, Fruit, Vegetable, Oil) : 1=food group (s) consumed. 0=food group (s) not consumed.

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ORCID iDs: So Yeon Ryu
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-1192
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