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Kim: Relationship between Eating Style and Food Intake of Healthy Female College Students during Chuseok Holidays
Research Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2016; 21(2): 131-139.

Published online: 30 April 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.2.131

Relationship between Eating Style and Food Intake of Healthy Female College Students during Chuseok Holidays

Seok-Young Kim

Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

Corresponding author: Seok-Young Kim. Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinjusi, Gyeongsangnam-do 52828, Korea. Tel: (055) 772-1432, Fax: (055) 772-1439, sykim@gnu.ac.kr

Received 28 December 2015       Revised 18 February 2016       Accepted 28 March 2016

Copyright © 2016 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

The present study was conducted to investigate associations between eating style and food intake of 45 female college students during Chuseok holidays.

Methods

A ten-day food record was obtained and divided into two parts. The first five days (September 20-24, 2015) were considered as a 'Normal Day (ND 1-5)' and the subsequent five days (September 25-29) as 'Holiday (HD6-10)'. The middle three days (September 26-28) of the holidays were considered as the 'Peak Holiday (PD7-9)'. Eating behaviors were measured using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and anthropometry was assessed in all study participants. Participants were grouped by cluster analysis according to the mean energy intake of the first three days of the Holiday.

Results

Participants had a low-normal range of BMI and they were carefully restricting their food intake at Normal Day. Even the food intake did not exceed 2000 kcal per day during the Peak Holiday. External eating was the most prevalent type of eating behavior, followed by restrained eating and emotional eating. Normal energy and fat intake were correlated with the external eating subscale of the DEBQ. Restrained eating was associated with the weight, BMI, fat mass, waist, and hip girth of the subjects. Compared to the Normal Day, they overate during the Holiday with different eating styles including 'restraint', 'disinhibition', and 'fluctuation'. Therefore, neither eating behaviors nor anthropometry was associated with food intake during the Holiday. Although eating behaviors and anthropometric measures were not different among eating style clusters, the food intakes of disinhibition cluster were higher than those of restraint cluster during all the study periods.

Conclusions

Subjects can be classified with the restraint, disinhibition, and fluctuation clusters. However, eating behaviors and anthropometry were not different among three clusters.

Keywords: eating behavior, restrained eating, dutch eating behavior questionnaire, holiday, food intake

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Cluster analysis according to eating style

kjcn-21-131-g001
Table 1

General characteristics and DEBQ1) scores of the study subjects (n=45)

kjcn-21-131-i001

1) DEBQ: Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire

2) BMI: Body mass index, WHR: Waist hip girth ratio

Table 2

Energy and nutrient intake during Normal Day, Holiday, and Peak Holiday

kjcn-21-131-i002

1) Normal Day: September 20-24, 2015

2) Holiday: September 25-29, 2015

3) Peak Holiday: September26-28, 2015

4) CHO: Carbohydrate

ab: Values with the same letter within the same row are not significantly different at <0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test.

Table 3

Correlation between anthropometry and DEBQ1) scores of the study subjects (n=45)

kjcn-21-131-i003

1) DEBQ: Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire

2) BMI: body mass index

3) WHR: waist hip girth ratio

**: p<0., ***: p<0.1 by Pearson's product-moment correlation

Table 4

Correlation between Normal nutrient intake and DEBQ1) scores of the study subjects (n=45)

kjcn-21-131-i004

1) DEBQ: Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire.

*: p<0.05 by Pearson's product-moment correlation

Table 5

Comparisons of energy and macronutrient intake among the clusters

kjcn-21-131-i005

1) Values with the same Roman character within the same column are not significantly different at p<0.05 by Kruskal wallis test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.

2) Values with the same alphabet within the same row are not significantly different at p<0.05 by Kruskal wallis test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.

3) CHO: Carbohydrate

Table 6

Correlation between anthropometry and usual intake of the disinhibition cluster (n=11)

kjcn-21-131-i006

1) BMI:body mass index

2) WHR: waist hip girth ratio

*: p<0.05, **: p<0.01 by Spearman's rank correlation

Table 7

Comparisons of anthropometry and DEBQ1) scores among eating style clusters

kjcn-21-131-i007

1) DEBQ: Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire.

All values are not significantly different at p<0.05 by Kruskal wallis test.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the fund of Research Promotion Program, Gyeongsang National University, 2013 (RPP-2013-024).

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ORCID iDs

Seok-Young Kim
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9593-3465

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