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Han, kim, Lee, and Kim: The Development and Validation of Eating Behavior Test Form for Infants and Young Children
Research Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2015; 20(1): 1-10.

Published online: 28 February 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.1.1

The Development and Validation of Eating Behavior Test Form for Infants and Young Children

Youngshin Han1, Su An kim1, Yoonna Lee2, Jeongmee Kim3

1Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

2Shingu College, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seongnam, Korea.

3Hansol Education Research Center, Hansol Education Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Jeongmee Kim. 6F Hansol Education Bldg., 361 Worldcup buk-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-914, Korea. Tel: (02) 2001-5765, Fax: (02) 2001-5335, jeongmeex@eduhansol.co.kr

Received 11 October 2014       Revised 31 December 2015       Accepted 19 January 2015

Copyright © 2015 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was conducted to develop and validate Eating Behaviors Test form (EBT) for infants and young children, including eating behaviors of their parents and parental feeding practices.

Methods

Draft version of EBT form was developed after a pretest on 83 mothers. It was consisted of 42 questions including 3 components; eating behavior of children, eating behavior of parents, and parental feeding practices. Using these questionnaires, the first survey was conducted on 320 infants and children, 1 to 6 year old, for exploratory factor analysis, and the second survey was collected on 731 infants and children for confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis on 42 questions of EBT form resulted in 3 factor model for children's eating behavior, 3 factor model for parents' eating behavior, and 1 factor model for parental feeding practices. Three factors for children's eating behavior could be explained as follows; factor 1, pickiness (reliability α=0.89; explanation of variance=27.79), factor 2, over activity (α=0.80, explanation of variance=16.51), and factor 3, irregularity (α=0.59, explanation of variance=10.01). Three factors for mother's eating behavior could be explained as follows; factor 1,irregularities (α=0.73, explanation of variance=21.73), factor 2, pickiness (α=0.65, explanation of variance= 20.16), and factor 3, permissiveness (α=0.60, explanation of variance=19.13). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed an acceptance fit for these models. Internal consistencies for these factors were above 0.6.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that EBT form is a valid tool to measure comprehensive eating and feeding behaviors for infants and young children.

Keywords: infants, young children, eating behavior, factor analysis, feeding practice

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

The confirmatory factor analysis of eating behavior test for children

kjcn-20-1-g001
Fig. 2

The confirmatory factor analysis of eating behavior test for mothers

kjcn-20-1-g002
Table 1

Demographic characteristic of the study participants (N=1051)

kjcn-20-1-i001

1) Mean±SD (Range)

Table 2

Exploratory factor analysis of eating behavior test for the early childhood (N=320)

kjcn-20-1-i002

1) Refer to Supplement 1

Table 3

Exploratory factor analysis of eating behavior test for mothers (N=320)

kjcn-20-1-i003

1) Refer to Supplement 2

Table 4

Internal consistency of eating behavior test for early childhood (N=731)

kjcn-20-1-i004
Table 5

Test-retest reliability of eating behavior test (N=113)

kjcn-20-1-i005

**: p < 0.01

Table 6

Goodness of fit measures of eating behavior test (N=731)

kjcn-20-1-i006

**: p < 0.01

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