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Choi, Kang, and Lee: Lifestyle, Diet, Self-care, and Diabetes Fatalism of Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Foot
Research Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2014; 19(3): 241-249.

Published online: 30 June 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.3.241

Lifestyle, Diet, Self-care, and Diabetes Fatalism of Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Foot

Jungha Choi, Juhee Kang1, Hongmie Lee

Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Daejin University, Pocheon, Kyeonggi-do, Korea.

1Department of Food & Nutrition, Suwon Women's Universtiy, Hwasung, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hongmie Lee. Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Daejin University, Pocheon, Kyeonggi-do 487-711, Korea. Tel: (031) 539-1862, Fax: (031) 539-1860, hmlee@daejin.ac.kr

Received 19 February 2014       Revised 14 April 2014       Accepted 13 May 2014

Copyright © 2014 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was to determine diabetes fatalism of diabetic patients with and without diabetic foot and its association with lifestyle, diet, and self-care.

Methods

The subjects were diabetic patients with (male/female 48/21) and without diabetic foot (male/female 33/26). We administered the questionnaires which were designed to determine diabetes fatalism, lifestyle, diet, and self-care. Diabetes fatalism was determined by Diabetes fatalism scale (DFS), which consisted of total 12 items in three subscales namely, emotional stress, religiou.spiritual coping, and perceived self-efficacy.

Results

The patients with diabetic foot had undesirable diets more frequently (1.37 and 0.91 days/week respectively) and their desirable diets (2.74 and 3.61 days/week respectively) and foot care (4.61 and 5.53 days/week respectively) were less frequent than those without diabetic foot (p < 0.05). An item analysis of the 12 DFS items revealed a Chronbach' α of 0.614 and 0.869, respectively in diabetic patients with and without diabetic foot. Perceived self-efficacy related DFS of subjects without diabetic foot was positively associated with smoking (r = 0.350, p < 0.01), undesirable diet (r = 0.295, p < 0.05), and drinking (r = 0.257, p < 0.05), while its negative association with exercise (r = -0.224, p < 0.088) and foot care (r = -0.247, p < 0.059) did not reach to statistical significance.

Conclusions

This work was the first study reporting the potential usefulness of DFS, especially perceived self-efficacy related subscale as a predictor of lifestyle, diet and self-care on the Korean diabetic patients, at least those without severe diabetic foot to screen those who should be the first target for diabetes education.

Keywords: diabetes fatalism, lifestyle, diet, diabetic foot, foot care

Figures and Tables

Table 1
General characteristics of diabetes patients with and without diabetic foot
kjcn-19-241-i001

1) Mean ± SD

2) Range

3) N (%)

4) Weight status

Under weight: < 18.5, Normal weight: 18.5~22.9, Overweight: 23~24.9, Obese: ≥ 25

**: p < 0.01 by paired t-test or chi-square test

Table 2
Lifestyle, diet and diabetes self-care behaviors of patients with and without diabetic foot
kjcn-19-241-i002

1) Mean ± SD (times/week)

2) N (%)

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 by paired t-test

Table 3
Item wording and descriptive statistics of diabetes fatalism scale in subjects with and without diabetes foot
kjcn-19-241-i003

Items 6 through 12 are reversely scored, so that high score equals high diabetes fatalism.

All items scored so that high score equals high diabetes fatalism.

Table 4
Diabetes fatalism scale of diabetes patients with and without diabetic foot
kjcn-19-241-i004

1) Items 6 through 12 are reversely scored, so that high score equals high diabetes fatalism.

2) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 by paired t-test

Table 5
Correlations between diabetes fatalism scales and lifestyles, diet, and diabetes self-care behaviors
kjcn-19-241-i005

1) Analyzed only in smokers

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 by Pearson's correlation coefficient

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