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Yeon, Shin, Lee, Lee, Kang, and Park: A Study on Dietary Habits, Body Satisfaction and Nutritional Knowledge by Body Image of Middle School Girl Students in Chungbuk Area
Original Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2013; 18(5): 442-456.

Published online: 31 October 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.5.442

A Study on Dietary Habits, Body Satisfaction and Nutritional Knowledge by Body Image of Middle School Girl Students in Chungbuk Area

Jee-Young Yeon, Ki-Yong Shin, Soon-Kyu Lee, Hye-Young Lee, Baeg-Won Kang, Hye-Kyung Park1

Nutrition Safety Policy Division, Food Nutrition and Dietary Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongwon-gun, Korea.

1Food Nutrition and Dietary Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongwon-gun, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hye-Kyung Park, Food Nutrition and Dietary Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongwon-gun 363-700, Korea. Tel: (043) 719-2251, Fax: (043) 719-2250, phkfda@korea.kr

Received 9 September 2013       Revised 15 October 2013       Accepted 15 October 2013

Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the dietary habits, body satisfaction and nutritional knowledge according to body image of middle school girl students (n = 284). The subjects were classified as lean, normal and fat groups according to body image. The weight, body mass index (BMI) and the score of body image were significantly higher in the students who recognized their body image as 'fat'. The satisfaction of present body image was significantly lower in students who recognized their body image as 'lean'. The interest in weight control and experience of weight control were significantly higher in students who recognized their body image as 'fat'. The necessity of nutrition education was higher in all groups (lean 67.2%, normal 59.0% and fat 52.8%). The products used to feel sweetened were sweetened ice (68.7%), processed milk (68.3%), confectionery (62.3%), carbonated beverage (55.3%), fermented milk (38.0%) and none (6.0%). The frequency of consumption of fruit juices and fried food was significantly higher in 'normal' compared to 'fat'. There was no significant difference in the frequency of consumption of snack and nutritional knowledge among the three groups. In the multiple regression analysis, the score of body image was negatively associated with the frequency of snack consumption in the 'lean'. The score of body image was positively associated with identification of nutrition labels and an interest in weight control but was negatively associated with satisfaction of present body image in the 'fat'. Based on these results, we conclude that, the middle school girl students need correct recognition of body image and continuous and practical nutrition education in order to maintain healthy dietary habits.

Keywords: dietary habits, body satisfaction, nutritional knowledge, body image, middle school girl students

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Age and anthropometric measurements of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i001

1) Determined by independent sample f test of equality of the means or chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

4) Means with different superscripts (a~c) within a row are significantly different from each at α = 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

5) N (%)

6) 1 = very lean body, 9 = very fat body

Table 2
Dietary habits, pocket money and snack cost of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i002

1) Determined by independent sample f test of equality of the means or chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

4) Means with different superscripts (a~c) within a row are significantly different from each at α = 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

5) Except for the subject that breakfast eat everyday

6) N (%)

7) Except for the subject that eat lunch everyday

8) Except for the subject that eat dinner everyday

Table 3
Satisfaction with body image and interest inweight control of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i003

1) Determined by chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) N (%)

3) The respondents with experience of weight control

Table 4
Identification of nutrition labels on food of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i004

1) Determined by chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) N (%)

3) Not Significant

Table 5
Type of the product to feel sweetened and level of purchase level of product with reduced sugar of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i005

1) Determined by chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) Respondents were allowed to select multiple choices

3) N (%)

4) Not Significant

Table 6
Frequency of snack intake and consideration of snack selection of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i006

1) Determined by chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) N (%)

3) Not Significant

Table 7
Intake frequency of type of snack items of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i007

1) Determined by independent sample f test of equality of the means

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

4) Means with different superscripts (a~c) within a row are significantly different from each at α = 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test.

Table 8
Nutritional knowledge of the subjects by body image
kjcn-18-442-i008

1) Determined by independent sample f test of equality of the means or chi-square tests of differences in proportions

2) N (%)

3) Not Significant

Table 9
Correlations between variables and score of present body image
kjcn-18-442-i009

1) 1 = very lean body, 9 = very fat body

2) 1 = never identify, 5 = certainly identify

3) 1 = very unconcerned, 5 = very concerned

4) 1 = very dissatisfied, 5 = very satisfied

5) 1 = low score, 12 = high score

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

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