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Kim, Choi, and Kim: Factors Related to Calceneal Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation, Anthropometric Indexes and Nutrient Intakes among Elementary School Children in Chungnam
Original Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2013; 18(4): 312-323.

Published online: 31 August 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.312

Factors Related to Calceneal Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation, Anthropometric Indexes and Nutrient Intakes among Elementary School Children in Chungnam

Ye-Jung Kim, Yoon Jeong Choi, Hee-Seon Kim

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hee-Seon Kim, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, 646 Eupnae-ri, Shinchang-myun, Asan-si, Choongnam 336-745, Republic of Korea. Tel: (041) 530-1263, Fax: (041) 530-1264, hskim1@sch.ac.kr

Received 5 August 2013       Revised 19 August 2013       Accepted 19 August 2013

Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

(open-access):

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Variables affecting bone heath of growing children were analyzed among forty nine 10-12 year old elementary students in three rural regions of north west Chungnam area. Information on age of the parents, duration of breast feeding and birth weight were collected from the guardians of the participants and nutrient intake and diet quality were assessed by average of three-day food records of participants with the help of dietitians. Bone health status was measured by calceneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) using quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Results showed that anthropometic indexes and nutrient intake levels were not different between boys and girls. However, iron intake was significantly lower in girls than in boys. Girls after menarche showed lower intake levels for thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine and niacin than girls before menarche. z-scores of BMI were lower than -1 and higher than +1 showed shorter breast feeding period than others but the difference was statistically non-significant. Overall, the subjects did not consume enough s of calcium, vitamin C and folic acid. Zinc intake and BMI were the most significant factors affecting BUA by the results of backward elimination in multiple regression models. Phosphorous and beta-carotene intakes showed significant negative relation with BUA. This study showed that children living in the rural area of Chungnam need extra care to keep their health and nutrient intakes especially for the nutrients known to affect growth. Tailored nutrition education needs to be more focused on the improvement of bone health status of children.

Keywords: nutrition status, bone health status, BUA of elementary school children

Figures and Tables

Table 1
General characteristics of the subjects by gender
kjcn-18-312-i001

1) Mean ± SD

2) Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA)

NS: Not significant

Table 2
Comparison of the variables by the BMI of the study subjects
kjcn-18-312-i002

1) Mean ± SD

2) Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA)

abc: Values with different superscript letters within a row are significantly different based on one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test

Table 3
Dietary intakes of the subjects by sex
kjcn-18-312-i003

1) Mean ± SD

NS: Not significant

Table 4
Dietary intakes of the subjects by the BMI group
kjcn-18-312-i004

1) Mean ± SD

ab: Values with different superscript letters within a row are significantly different based on one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test

Table 5
Evaluation of diet quality by sex
kjcn-18-312-i005

1) Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR)

2) Mean ± SD

3) Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR)

4) Index of Nutrition Quality (INQ)

NS: Not significant

Table 6
Evaluation of diet quality by the BMI group
kjcn-18-312-i006

1) Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR)

2) Mean ± SD

3) Mean adequacy ratio (MAR)

4) Index of Nutrition Quality (INQ)

ab: Values with different superscript letters within a row are significantly different based on one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test

Table 7
Anthropometric and dietary quality of the girls by menstrual status
kjcn-18-312-i007

1) Mean ± SD

2) Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR)

3) Mean adequacy ratio (MAR)

NS: Not significant

Table 8
Summary of multiple regression model fit by backward elimination1) for z-score of BUA as a dependant variable
kjcn-18-312-i008

1) Significant level for stay (SLS) was 0.10

Notes

This study was supported by Soonchunhyang University Research Funds.

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