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Lee, Yeon, Son, Choi, and Kim: Assessment of Energy Intake and Physical Activity Level for Korean Farmers to Establish Estimated Energy Requirements during the Off-Season for Farmers
Original Article
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2012; 17(5): 652-663.

Published online: 31 October 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.652

Assessment of Energy Intake and Physical Activity Level for Korean Farmers to Establish Estimated Energy Requirements during the Off-Season for Farmers

Sun-Hee Lee, Seo-Eun Yeon, Hee-Ryoung Son, Jung Sook Choi1, Eun Kyung Kim

Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon-do, Korea.

1National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Eun Kyung Kim, Department of Food & Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University,7 Jukheon road, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, Korea. Tel: (033) 640-2336, Fax: (033) 640-2330, ekkim@gwnu.ac.kr

Received 26 September 2012       Revised 11 October 2012       Accepted 24 October 2012

Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the physical activity level of Korean farmers to establish estimated energy requirements during the off-season. Subjects were 90 healthy males (n = 25) and females (n = 65). Body weight, height and body fat and muscles of subjects were measured. The prevalence of obesity among farmers was 56.7% according to the BMI. The farmers spent about 18 hours 7 minutes (75.5%) in sleeping and resting. The farmers spent about 19 hours 56 minutes (83.1%) out of 24 hours (one day) in "sedentary activities" and spent about 3 hours 56 minutes (16.4%) in "light activities". Physical activity level (PAL, activity coefficient) of female farmers was 1.42 which was not significantly higher than that (1.37) of male farmers. Estimated energy requirements (EER) for farmers who were different in age groups and gender were calculated. For example, the EERs for male and female farmers were 2190 kcal/day and 1712 kcal/day, respectively. The daily energy intakes of male and female farmers were 1803 kcal/day and 1610 kcal/day, respectively. The EER of male farmers was 2190 kcal/day which was significantly higher than that (1803 kcal/day) of the recommended daily energy intake of male farmers. The results of this study suggest that estimated EER of farmers should be modified according to seasonal workload and energy balance of farmers should be evaluated to prevent obesity.

Keywords: physical activity level, farmer, energy expenditure, energy intake, estimated energy requirement

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Distribution of subjects by gender and age groups
kjcn-17-652-i001

1) N (%)

Not significantly different in mean age and subject's distribution between male and female

Table 2
Physical activity categories according to the level of intensity
kjcn-17-652-i002

1) Physical activity ratio (PAR) expressed as multiples of basal metabolic rate (RMR)

Table 3
Anthropometric measurements of subjects by gender
kjcn-17-652-i003

1) Mean ± SD

2) Significant different between male and female at ***: p < 0.001 by t-test

Table 4
Prevalence of hypertension and obesity among subjects
kjcn-17-652-i004

1) N (%)

Not significantly different in distribution between male and female by χ2-test

Table 5
The time spent on each activity by the physical activity categories
kjcn-17-652-i005

1) Mean ± SD (min, %)

Significant different between male and female at *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test

Table 6
Comparison of spending time (min,%) of subjects by 4 activity levels
kjcn-17-652-i006

1) Classification of 18 activities levels to 4 activity levels

2) Mean ± SD

3) min (%)

Not Significant different between male and female by t-test

Not Significant different among age group by Duncan's multiple comparison test

Table 7
Comparison of physical activity level(PAL) by gender and age groups
kjcn-17-652-i007

1) Mean ± SD

Not Significant different between male and female by t-test

Not Significant different among age group by Duncan's multiple comparison test

Not significantly different in distribution between male and female by χ2-test

Table 8
Estimated energy requirements(EER) and energy intakes by age group and gender
kjcn-17-652-i008

1) Unit : Kcal/day

2) Mean ± SD

Significant different between male and female at *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test

abc: Means with same superscripts are not significantly different at p<0.05 by Duncan's multiple comparison test

Significant different between daily energy intake and estimated energy requirements at †: p < 0.05, ††: p < 0.01, †††: p < 0.001 by paired t-test

Notes

This work supported by grants from rural development administration of Korea (RDA: 20110701-037-506-001-03-00)

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