Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City

Bok Hee Kim; Mi-young Sung; Yoonna Lee

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.411

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Kim, Sung, and Lee: Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City

Original Article

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2011; 16(4): 411-425.

Published online: 31 August 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.411

Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City

Bok Hee Kim, Mi-young Sung¹, Yoonna Lee²

Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.

¹Graduate School of Education, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.

²Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Cheongwon-gun, Korea.

Corresponding author: Yoonna Lee, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea. Tel: (043) 713-8616, Fax: (043) 713-8907, ynlee@khidi.or.kr

Received 4 August 2011 Revised 24 August 2011 Accepted 25 August 2011

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine differences in nutrient intakes by the compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Korean Children. The subjects included 343 elementary school students in Gwangju city. Compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Children showed that 62.4% of subjects had breakfast everyday; 44.3% of subjects ate vegetables/fruits/milk and dairy products daily; 26.8% of subjects ate a variety of lean meats/fish/eggs/bean products daily; 32.9% of subjects enjoyed outdoor activity everyday and ate according to their energy needs; 40.2% of subjects chose healthy and nutritious foods for snack; and 15.5% of subjects avoided food waste. Intakes of most of nutrients including energy were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in those who complied with the Dietary Action Guide well. Also nutrient intakes had the positive correlation with the scores of Dietary Action Guide (p < 0.05). From these results, nutrient intakes of children were significantly influenced by dietary factors suggested in the Dietary Action Guide for Children. In addition, the results also confirmed that good food behaviors were indispensible to maintaining a proper nutritional status. Based on these results, good food behaviors and practice were critical to secure good health and proper nutritional status for children, and that nutrition education should be strengthened in school as well as at home.

Keywords: nutrient intake, Dietary Action Guide, elementary school students, food behaviors

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General charcteristics of subjects

1) N (%)

2) Mean ± SD

Table 2

Food behaviors of subjects

1) N (%)

2) ^***: p < 0.001

Table 3

Performance of the Dietary Action Guides for children in subjects

1) N (%)

2) ^*: p < 0.05

Table 4

Nutrient intakes of subjects

1) Mean ± SD

2) %DRI (energy for EER, sodium for AI, and other nutrients for RI of KDRIs)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 5

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 1: starting a day with breakfast

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 2: eating vegetables/fruits/milk and dairy products daily

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 7

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 3: eating a variety of lean meats/fish/eggs/bean products daily

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 8

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 4: enjoying outdoor activities everyday and eat according to your energy needs

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients), 3) ^*: p < 0.05

Table 9

Nutrient intake levels by by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 5: choosing healthy and nutritious foods for snack

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 10

Nutrient intake levels by by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 6: avoiding food wastes

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 11

Correlation coefficients between nutrient intakes and Dietary Action Guides for children

1) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 12

Comparison of the Nutrient intakes by the total score of Dietary Action Guides for children

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Notes

^*This research was supported by grants from Chosun University, 2009.

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