Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and Factors Associated with Vaccination in People with Chronic Disease

Sae Yoon Kee; Hee Jin Cheong; Byung Chul Chun; Woo Joo Kim

doi:10.3947/ic.2011.43.5.406

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Kee, Cheong, Chun, and Kim: Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and Factors Associated with Vaccination in People with Chronic Disease

Original Article

Infection & Chemotherapy

Infection & Chemotherapy 2011; 43(5): 406-411.

Published online: 31 October 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2011.43.5.406

Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and Factors Associated with Vaccination in People with Chronic Disease

Sae Yoon Kee¹, Hee Jin Cheong², Byung Chul Chun³, Woo Joo Kim²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

³Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Woo Joo Kim, MD. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Gurodong-gil 97, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 152-703, Korea. Tel: +82-2-818-6648, Fax: +82-2-837-1966, wjkim@medimail.co.kr

Received 6 September 2011 Revised 19 October 2011 Accepted 19 October 2011

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

Influenza is a serious illness that causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in high risk patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate influenza vaccination coverage rate and perceptions of people with chronic disease on vaccination in Korea.

Materials and Methods

Patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, and asthma were surveyed. Individual interviews were performed to patients with diabetes visiting the endocrinology department in a university hospital and patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in 4 local clinics and 2 university hospitals. Questionnaires were mailed to patients who were registered to have asthma in a university hospital and were asked to mail back. Demographic data, history of vaccination in season 2005-2006, and perceptions on vaccination were asked.

Results

Five hundred and five diabetes patients, 260 hemodialysis patients and 123 asthma patients were analyzed. Influenza vaccination coverage rate was 37.4% in diabetes patients and statistically significant factors associated with vaccination were as follows: lower education level, provider recommendation, previous vaccination, belief in efficacy of vaccination. Forteen and two tenth of patients were recommended to receive influenza vaccine, and the most frequent recommenders were doctors (43.6%). Influenza vaccination coverage rate was 81.9% in patients undergoing hemodialysis and statistically significant factors associated with vaccination were as follows: provider recommendation, previous vaccination, belief in efficacy of vaccination. Sixty six and five tenth of patients were recommended to get influenza vaccination, and the most frequent recommenders were doctors (45.3%) closely followed by nurses (43.6%). Seventy and seven tenth of patients with asthma received influenza vaccination. Previous vaccination was the only statistically significant factor associated with vaccination. Sixty six and nine tenth were recommended to get a vaccination and the most frequent recommenders were doctors (39.8%).

Conclusions

Influenza vaccination coverage was considerably different among different chronic illnesses. The rate was relatively high in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and asthma while it was low in patients with diabetes. The rate of vaccine recommendation was low in all patients and active recommendations by health-care workers should be made.

Keywords: Influenza, Vaccination, Chronic disease

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Influenza vaccination timing. The most frequent time of vaccination was October in all three groups followed by September in diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) group and November in asthma group.

Figure 2

Places of influenza vaccination. The most frequent place of vaccination was local clinic in all three groups followed by health care center in diabetes and asthma group and tertiary hospital in chronic kidney disease (CKD) group.

Figure 3

Recommenders for influenza vaccination.The most frequent recommenders for vaccination was physician in all three groups followed by family members in diabetes and asthma group and nurse in chronic kidney disease (CKD) group.

Table 1

Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rates in Patients with Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease and Asthma in Season 2005-2006

^aχ²-test

Table 2

Multivariate Analysis on Factors Associated with Vaccination in Patients with Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease and Asthma in Season 2005-2006

^aOdds ratio

^bCI Confidence interval

Table 3

Effect of Negative Media Reports on Vaccination Rate in Patients with Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease and Asthma in Season 2005-2006

^aThimerosal, an influenza vaccine preservative may induce autism in young children

^bUseless vaccines with overdue expiry date have been distributed

^cAn old man died suddenly on his way home after vaccination

^dχ²-test

^eFisher's exact test

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ORCID iDs: Woo Joo Kim
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4546-3880
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