Journal List > Infect Chemother > v.43(5) > 1035106

Kim: Bacterial Upper Respiratory Infections

Abstract

Acute bacterial upper respiratory infections include acute rhinosinusitis, acute pharyngotonsillitis, acute laryngitis, and acute epiglottitis. These are common reasons for primary care visits. Acute bacterial sinusitis usually occurs as a secondary complication of acute viral sinusitis. Acute viral sinusitis will recover over the course of 7-10 days without antibiotics. Amoxicillin is a drug of choice for acute bacterial sinusitis in the practice guidelines. Patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis should be treated with antibiotics (amoxicillin) for 10 days with the purpose of prevention of rheumatic fever. Use of rapid antigen detection should be encouraged for the appropriate use of antibiotics, especially in Korea. Etiologies of acute laryngitis in adults are mainly viruses. However, M. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, H. influenzae are major bacterial pathogens of laryngtitis. Acute epiglottitis, cellulitis of the epiglottis, is a life-threatening infection. Airway keeping and antibacterial therapy against H. influenzae and other bacterial pathogens are main stays of management. Evidence-based approach is greatly in need for appropriate care for patients with bacterial upper respiratory infections.

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Pathogens of Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in Adult and Child [4]
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Table 2
Pathogens of Acute Pharyngotonsilitis
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Table 3
Clinical and Epidemiological findings and Diagnosis of Pharyngitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes [5]
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Table 4
Modified Centor Score and Culture Management Approach for Pharyngitis [23]
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Table 5
Correlation between Rapid Antigen Detection Test (RADT) and Centor Score
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agroups combined in study [26, 27]

Table 6
Frequency of Laryngitis Associated with Common Respiratory Pathogens
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Shin-Woo Kim
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3755-8249

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