Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims
Methods
Results
Conclusions
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Notes
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Ethics Statement
This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Seoul National University Hospital (IRB No. H-2203-168-1310), and the requirement for informed consent was waived.
Funding Statement
This study was financially supported by the Korean Liver Cancer Association Research Award (2023). However, the data were completely under the control of the authors.
Data Availability
The data presented in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: JSB, JML
Data curation: JSB
Formal analysis: JSB
Funding acquisition: JSB
Investigation: BYH, JY, SJP
Methodology: JSB, JML
Project administration: JSB, JML
Resources: JSB, JML
Software: JSB
Supervision: JML
Validation: JSB, JML
Visualization: JSB, JML
Writing - original draft: JSB, JML
Writing - review & editing: all authors
Approval of final manuscript: all authors
Supplementary Material
References
Table 1.
Table 2.
Variable |
CT |
HBA-MRI |
P-value* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | 95% CI | Value | 95% CI | ||
Sensitivity | 46.9% (69/147) | 38.7-55.3 | 55.1% (81/147) | 46.7-63.3 | 0.029† |
Specificity | 71.1% (64/90) | 60.6-80.2 | 73.3% (66/90) | 63.0-82.1 | 0.815 |
Accuracy | 56.1% (133/237) | 49.5-62.5 | 62.0% (147/237) | 55.5-68.2 | |
Positive predictive value | 72.6% (69/95) | 64.8-79.3 | 77.1% (81/105) | 69.9-83.0 | |
Negative predictive value | 45.1% (64/142) | 40.2-50.1 | 50.0% (66/132) | 44.6-55.4 |
Table 3.
Diagnostic performance |
LR-5 before inclusion of EC |
LR-5 after inclusion of EC |
Difference (95% CI) | P-value* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | 95% CI | Value | 95% CI | |||
CT | ||||||
Sensitivity | 79.9% (167/209) | 73.8-85.1 | 80.4% (168/209) | 74.3-85.5 | 0.5 (-0.46 to 1.41) | >0.999 |
Specificity | 64.3% (18/28) | 44.1-81.4 | 64.3% (18/28) | 44.1-81.4 | 0 | Not calculated |
HBA-MRI | ||||||
Sensitivity | 78.9% (165/209) | 72.8-84.3 | 78.9% (165/209) | 72.8-84.3 | 0 | Not calculated |
Specificity | 57.1% (16/28) | 37.2-75.5 | 57.1% (16/28) | 37.2-75.5 | 0 | Not calculated |
Table 4.
Characteristic |
CT |
Positive predictive value (%) |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10-19 mm |
≥20 mm |
Value | 95% CI | Difference | 95% CI | P-value* | |||
HCC | Non-HCC | HCC | Non-HCC | ||||||
Nonperipheral washout (+) (n=177) | -0.5 | -8.3 to 6.9 | 0.886 | ||||||
Enhancing capsule (+) (n=85) | 12† | 0† | 68† | 5† | 80 (94.1) | 74.6-100.0 | |||
Enhancing capsule (-) (n=92) | 27† | 2† | 60† | 3† | 87 (94.6) | 75.7-100.0 | |||
Nonperipheral washout (-) (n=8) | 28.6 | -53.3 to 64.1 | 0.563 | ||||||
Enhancing capsule (+) (n=1) | 0 | 0 | 1† | 0† | 1 (100.0) | 2.5-100.0 | |||
Enhancing capsule (-) (n=7) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 (71.4) | 23.2-100.0 |
Values are presented as number or number (%).
APHE, arterial phase hyperenhancement; CT, computed tomography; LR-TIV, LI-RADS tumor in vein; LI-RADS, Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System; LR-M, LI-RADS M; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CI, confidence interval.
Table 5.
Characteristic |
HBA-MRI |
Positive predictive value (%) |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10-19 mm |
≥20 mm |
Value | 95% CI | Difference | 95% CI | P-value* | |||
HCC | Non-HCC | HCC | Non-HCC | ||||||
Nonperipheral washout (+) (n=175) | 5.1 | -2.7 to 13.7 | 0.183 | ||||||
Enhancing capsule (+) (n=91) | 18† | 0† | 69† | 4† | 87 (95.6) | 76.6-100.0 | |||
Enhancing capsule (-) (n=84) | 16† | 5† | 60† | 3† | 76 (90.5) | 71.3-100.0 | |||
Nonperipheral washout (-) (n=11) | 0.0 | -27.8 to 79.3 | Not calculated | ||||||
Enhancing capsule (+) (n=1) | 1 | 0 | 0† | 0† | 1 (100.0) | 2.5-100.0 | |||
Enhancing capsule (-) (n=10) | 4 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 10 (100.0) | 48.0-100.0 |
Values are presented as number or number (%).
APHE, arterial phase hyperenhancement; HBA-MRI, hepatobiliary agent-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; LR-TIV, LI-RADS tumor in vein; LI-RADS, Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System; LR-M, LIRADS M; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CI, confidence interval.