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Roh, Choi, Choi, Yoon, Yoo, and Park: Antibody detection in healthcare workers after vaccination with two doses of the BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccine
Original article

Ann Clin Microbiol 2022;25(3):85-95.

Published online: 20 September 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2022.25.3.4

Antibody detection in healthcare workers after vaccination with two doses of the BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccine

Kyoung Ho Roh1, Heun Choi2, HeeKyoung Choi2, Miseon Yoon3, Jongha Yoo1, Yoonseon Park4

1Department of Laboratory Medicine

2Department of Infectious Diseases

3Infection Control Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang

4Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea

Corresponding author: Yoonseon Park E-mail: yoonseony@gmail.com

Received 24 August 2022       Revised 13 September 2022       Accepted 13 September 2022

© Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, from 2020, many pharmaceutical companies have developed vaccines. To determine the efficacy of AstraZeneca's and Pfizer's vaccines, which were the first and second vaccines to be approved in Korea, respectively, we developed a method to measure their antibody-generating efficacies using immunology analyzers and a rapid antibody test available in Korea. Methods: The antibody-stimulating efficacies of the Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines were evaluated using Centaur® XPT SARS-CoV-2 (Siemens Healthineers, Germany), Elecsys® AntiSARS-CoV-2 S (Roche Diagnostics, Germany), and STANDARD F SARS-CoV-2 nAb FIA (SD Biosensor, Korea). Healthcare workers were enrolled in two groups: the Pfizer (121) and AstraZeneca (117) groups. Antibody levels were measured pre-vaccination, three weeks after vaccination, and 16 weeks after vaccination. Results: The Pfizer group comprised 41 males and 80 females, while the AstraZeneca group comprised 38 males and 79 females. Antibody results were analyzed after excluding four individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. Between weeks 3 and 16, there was no significant difference (P= 0.5, 1.0) between the results of the Roche and Siemens antibody tests in the Pfizer vaccine group. However, the SD biosensor results comparing with the Roche and Siemens antibody tests at three weeks after the initial vaccination showed a significant difference (P< 0.0001). Analysis of the Roche antibody test results before, at three weeks, and at 16 weeks after the administration of the Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines revealed a statistically significant difference between before and at three weeks after the first injection (P< 0.0001). Conclusion: After two doses of the Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines, antibody formation was above the 90th percentile of the measurement range in all subjects.

Keywords: COVID-19, Evaluation, Immunoassay, Vaccines

[in Korean]

Ethics statement

This study was approved by the institutional review board of National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital (IRB No. NHIMC 2021-02-015) and obtained informed consent from participants.

Conflicts of interest

COVID-19 항체검사 시약을 Siemens, Roche 및 SD Biosensor로부터 제공받았습니다.

Acknowledgements

본 연구에 도움을 준 감염관리센터의 양연옥 선생님에게 감사의 말씀을 전합니다.

Funding

None.

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Table 1
Demographic data of Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccine groups
ACM-2503-04-t1.png

Values are presented as n (%).

Abbreviation: COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.

Table 2
Pfizer BNT162b2 seropositive rate and quantitative level of immunoglobin according to Elecsys COV2S and Centaur COV2T
ACM-2503-04-t2.png

Values are presented as n (%).

*1 subject was not tested at post 16 weeks.

Abbreviation: Centaur COV2T, Centaur XPT SARS-CoV-2; Elecsys COV2S, Elecsys Anti-SARSCoV-2 S

Table 3
AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 seropositive rate and quantitative level of immunoglobin according to Elecsys COV2S and Centaur COV2T
ACM-2503-04-t3.png

Values are presented as n (%).

*52 subjects were not tested at post 16 weeks.

Abbreviation: Centaur COV2T, Centaur XPT SARS-CoV-2; Elecsys COV2S, Elecsys Anti-SARSCoV-2 S

Fig. 1.
3 weeks and 16 weeks post-vaccination antibody titer by vaccine groups, (A) Pfizer vaccine group (B) AstraZeneca vaccine group.
ACM-2503-04-f1.png
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