Abstract
Background
Methods
Results
Conclusions
Notes
Ethics Statement
The institutional review board of Samsung Medical Center approved this study (2021-10-053) and waived informed consent.
Availability of Data and Material
The datasets generated or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Fig. 1.
![jptm-2023-02-01f1.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/2019jptm/thumb/jptm-2023-02-01f1.gif)
Fig. 2.
![jptm-2023-02-01f2.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/2019jptm/thumb/jptm-2023-02-01f2.gif)
Fig. 3.
![jptm-2023-02-01f3.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/2019jptm/thumb/jptm-2023-02-01f3.gif)
Fig. 4.
![jptm-2023-02-01f4.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/2019jptm/thumb/jptm-2023-02-01f4.gif)
Fig. 5.
![jptm-2023-02-01f5.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/2019jptm/thumb/jptm-2023-02-01f5.gif)
Table 1.
Total (n=99) |
DLL4 expression |
VEGF expression |
HIF2α expression |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (n=65, 65.7%) | High (n=34, 34.3%) | p-value | Low (n=56, 56.6%) | High (n=43, 43.4%) | p-value | Low (n=65, 65.7%) | High (n=34, 34.3%) | p-value | |||
Age (yr) | .654 | .410 | .648 | ||||||||
≥ 60 | 67 (67.7) | 43 (64.2) | 24 (35.8) | 36 (53.7) | 31 (46.3) | 45 (67.2) | 22 (32.8) | ||||
< 60 | 32 (32.3) | 22 (68.8) | 10 (31.3) | 20 (62.5) | 12 (37.5) | 20 (62.5) | 12 (37.5) | ||||
Sex | .159 | .796 | .023 | ||||||||
Female | 59 (59.6) | 42 (71.2) | 17 (28.8) | 34 (57.6) | 25 (42.4) | 44 (74.6) | 15 (25.4) | ||||
Male | 40 (40.4) | 23 (57.5) | 17 (42.5) | 22 (55.0) | 18 (45.0) | 21 (52.5) | 19 (47.5) | ||||
Diagnosis | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||
Adenocarcinoma | 81 (81.8) | 48 (59.3) | 33 (40.7) | 51 (63.0) | 30 (37.0) | 52 (64.2) | 29 (35.8) | ||||
Adenosquamous carcinoma | 8 (8.1) | 7 (87.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (75.0) | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | ||||
NEC | 5 (5.1) | 5 (100) | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 4 (80.0) | 1 (20.0) | ||||
Mixed NEC and adenocarcinoma | 1 (1.0) | 1 (100) | 0 | 0 | 1 (100) | 1 (100) | 0 | ||||
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma | 1 (1.0) | 1 (100) | 0 | 1 (100) | 0 | 1 (100) | 0 | ||||
Undifferentiated carcinoma | 3 (3.0) | 3 (100) | 0 | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | ||||
Differentiationa | .068 | .028 | .006 | ||||||||
WD, MD | 56 (56.6) | 33 (58.9) | 23 (41.1) | 37 (66.1) | 19 (33.9) | 43 (76.8) | 13 (23.2) | ||||
PD | 40 (40.4) | 29 (72.5) | 11 (27.5) | 18 (45.0) | 22 (55.0) | 21 (52.5) | 19 (47.5) | ||||
UD | 3 (3.0) | 3 (100) | 0 | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | ||||
T categorya | .827 | .792 | .827 | ||||||||
1b, 2a, 2b | 5 (5.1) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | 4 (80.0) | 1 (20.0) | ||||
3 | 88 (88.9) | 62 (70.5) | 26 (29.5) | 49 (55.7) | 39 (44.3) | 56 (63.6) | 32 (36.4) | ||||
4 | 6 (6.1) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | ||||
N category | .047 | .047 | .872 | ||||||||
N0 | 31 (31.3) | 16 (51.6) | 15 (48.4) | 13 (41.9) | 18 (58.1) | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | ||||
N1, N2 | 68 (68.7) | 49 (72.1) | 19 (27.9) | 43 (63.2) | 25 (36.8) | 45 (66.2) | 23 (33.8) | ||||
M category | .410 | .616 | .410 | ||||||||
M0 | 88 (88.9) | 59 (67.0) | 29 (33.0) | 49 (55.7) | 39 (44.3) | 59 (67.0) | 29 (33.0) | ||||
M1 | 11 (11.1) | 6 (54.5) | 5 (45.5) | 7 (63.6) | 4 (36.4) | 6 (54.5) | 5 (45.5) | ||||
AJCC stage | .112 | .155 | .772 | ||||||||
I–III | 71 (71.7) | 50 (70.4) | 21 (29.6) | 37 (52.1) | 34 (47.9) | 46 (64.8) | 25 (35.2) | ||||
IV | 28 (28.3) | 15(53.6) | 13 (46.4) | 19 (67.9) | 9 (32.1) | 19 (67.9) | 9 (32.1) | ||||
Recurrence | .610 | .690 | .174 | ||||||||
Yes | 46 (46.5) | 29 (63.0) | 17 (37.0) | 27 (58.7) | 19 (41.3) | 27 (58.7) | 19 (41.3) | ||||
No | 53 (53.5) | 36 (67.9) | 17 (32.1) | 29 (54.7) | 24 (45.3) | 38 (71.7) | 15 (28.3) | ||||
Death | .873 | .789 | .549 | ||||||||
Yes | 63 (63.6) | 41 (65.1) | 22 (34.9) | 35 (55.6) | 28 (44.4) | 40 (63.5) | 23 (36.5) | ||||
No | 36 (36.4) | 24 (66.7) | 12 (33.3) | 21 (58.3) | 15 (41.7) | 25 (69.4) | 11 (30.6) | ||||
DLL4 expression | .340 | .054 | |||||||||
Low | 65 (65.7) | 39 (60.0) | 26 (40.0) | 47 (72.3) | 18 (27.7) | ||||||
High | 34 (34.3) | 17 (50.0) | 17 (50.0) | 18 (52.9) | 16 (47.1) | ||||||
VEGF expression | .340 | <.001 | |||||||||
Low | 56 (56.6) | 39 (69.6) | 17 (30.4) | 49 (87.5) | 7 (12.5) | ||||||
High | 43 (43.4) | 26 (60.5) | 17 (39.5) | 16 (37.2) | 27 (62.8) | ||||||
HIF2α expression | .054 | < .001 | |||||||||
Low | 34 (34.3) | 47 (72.3) | 18 (27.7) | 49 (75.4) | 16 (24.6) | ||||||
High | 65 (65.7) | 18 (52.9) | 16 (47.1) | 7 (20.6) | 27 (79.4) |
Values are presented as number (%).
DLL4, delta-like ligand 4; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HIF2α, hypoxia-inducible factor-2α; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; WD, well differentiated; MD, moderately differentiated; PD, poorly differentiated; UD, undifferentiated; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.