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Yang and Kim: Contralateral Suppression at Adrenal Venous Sampling Is Associated with Renal Impairment Following Adrenalectomy for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:875-84, Ye Seul Yang et al.)
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Adrenal Gland

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022;37(6):953-954.

Published online: 12 December 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.603

Contralateral Suppression at Adrenal Venous Sampling Is Associated with Renal Impairment Following Adrenalectomy for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:875-84, Ye Seul Yang et al.)

Ye Seul Yang1, Sang Wan Kim2, 3

1Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

3Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Sang Wan Kim. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, Korea Tel: +82-2-870-2223, Fax: +82-2-870-3863, E-mail: swkimmd@snu.ac.kr

Received 5 December 2022       Accepted 12 December 2022

Copyright © 2022 Korean Endocrine Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We thank Tan et al. for their interest in our study and for their effort to elaborate on the association between age and chronic kidney disease (CKD) after adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). We demonstrated that a contralateral suppression index (CSI) ≤0.26 at adrenal venous sampling was associated with incident CKD, especially in patients >50 years of age, after adrenalectomy [1]. We determined the cut-off age for this study by performing a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
We agree with their interest in differences between elderly patients and nonelderly patients regarding renal outcomes after adrenalectomy. In our study population, the prevalence of postoperative CKD, which was defined as a postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in cases where the preoperative GFR was ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and post-adrenalectomy hyperkalemia was higher in the elderly group (≥60 years old, n=55) than in the nonelderly group (<60 years old, n=208) (P=0.041 and P=0.011, respectively), even though the prevalence of preoperative CKD was comparable between groups. However, there were no significant differences in renal outcomes except for GFR after adrenalectomy, when patients ≥65 years of age were defined as elderly. This might have been due to the small size of the population, as only 28 (10.6%) patients were ≥65 years old.
The elderly group had a longer duration of hypertension (11.1 years vs. 6.3 years, P<0.001), lower diastolic blood pressure (82.1 mm Hg vs. 92.7 mm Hg, P<0.001), a lower preoperative GFR (75.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 87.8 mL/min/1.73 m2, P<0.001), a lower plasma aldosterone-to-renin ratio (136.8 ng/dL per ng/mL/hr vs. 216.5 ng/dL per ng/mL/hr, P=0.015), and higher CSI (0.25 vs. 0.20, P=0.022) than the nonelderly group. However, logistic regression analysis showed that only the CSI significantly predicted renal impairment in the elderly group.
A recent study also showed that contralateral suppression, baseline plasma aldosterone, and female sex were associated with decreased GFR after adrenalectomy in patients with PA [2]. In our study [1], age was associated with renal impairment in the univariate analysis (P=0.03), but was not significant after adjusting for the CSI in the multivariate analysis (P=0.072). Therefore, the CSI is considered to be a more important factor in the deterioration of renal function after adrenalectomy than the patient’s age itself. It would be interesting to study the effect of the CSI on renal impairment in various age groups from other study populations [3-7]. We deeply appreciate the valuable insights of Tan et al., which have broadened the understanding of our article.

Notes

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

REFERENCES

1. Yang YS, Lee SH, Kim JH, Yoo JH, Lee JH, Lee SY, et al. Contralateral suppression at adrenal venous sampling is associated with renal impairment following adrenalectomy for unilateral primary aldosteronism. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2021; 36:875–84.
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