Ahonen J., Stefanovic V., Lassila R.. Management of postpartum haemorrhage. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010. 54:1164–78.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Quantitative blood loss in obstetric hemorrhage: ACOG COMMITTEE OPINION, Number 794. Obstet Gynecol. 2019. 134:e150–6.
Anderson JM., Etches D. Prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage. Am Fam Physician. 2007. 75:875–82.
Bateman BT., Berman MF., Riley LE., Leffert LR. The epidemiology of postpartum hemorrhage in a large, nationwide sample of deliveries. rative Effectiveness Review No. 151. AHRQ Publication No. 15- EHC013- EF. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality;2015.
Bateman BT., Tsen LC., Liu J., Butwick AJ., Huybrechts KF. Patterns of second-line uterotonic use in a large sample of hospitalizations for childbirth in the United States: 2007-2011. Anesth Analg. 2014. 119:1344–9.
Begley CM., Gyte GM., Devane D., McGuire W., Weeks A., Biesty LM. Active versus expectant management for women in the third stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019. 2:CD007412.
Bienstock JL., Eke AC., Hueppchen NA. Postpartum Hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2021. 384:1635–45.
B-Lynch C., Coker A., Lawal AH., Abu J., Cowen MJ. The B-Lynch surgical technique for the control of massive postpartum hae- morrhage: an alternative to hysterectomy? Five cases reported. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997. 104:372–5.
Bodanszky M., Du Vigneaud V. Synthesis of oxytocin by the nitro- phenyl ester method. Nature. 1959. 183:1324–5.
Bonnar J. Massive obstetric haemorrhage. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2000. 14:1–18.
Borruto F., Treisser A., Comparetto C. Utilization of carbetocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009. 280:707–12.
Bose P., Regan F., Paterson-Brown S. Improving the accuracy of estimated blood loss at obstetric haemorrhage using clinical re- constructions. BJOG. 2006. 113:919–24.
Brown BJ., Heaston DK., Poulson AM., Gabert HA., Mineau DE., Miller FJ Jr. Uncontrollable postpartum bleeding: a new approach to he- mostasis through angiographic arterial embolization. Obstet Gynecol. 1979. 54:361–5.
Butwick AJ., Carvalho B., Blumenfeld YJ., El-Sayed YY., Nelson LM., Bateman BT. Second-line uterotonics and the risk of hemorrhage- related morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015. 212:642.
Carlan SJ., Scott WT., Pollack R., Harris K. Appearance of the uterus by ultrasound immediately after placental delivery with pathologic correlation. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997. 25:301–8.
Chang SW., Chang YR., Seon YJ., Park JW., Kim JS. Intraoperative use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for hemorrhage control in woman with placenta percreta involving the bladder. Perinatology. 2019. 30:175–8.
Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. Practice bulletin No. 183: postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2017. 130:e168–86.
Cho JH., Jun HS., Lee CN. Hemostatic suturing technique for uterine bleeding during cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2000. 96:129–31.
Clark SL., Phelan JP., Yeh SY., Bruce SR., Paul RH. Hypogastric artery ligation for obstetric hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 1985. 66:353–6.
Dahlke JD., Mendez-Figueroa H., Maggio L., Hauspurg AK., Sperling JD., Chauhan SP, et al. Prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage: a comparison of 4 national guidelines. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015. 213:76.
Diaz V., Abalos E., Carroli G. Methods for blood loss estimation after vaginal birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018. 9:CD010980.
Dyer RA., van Dyk D., Dresner A. The use of uterotonic drugs during caesarean section. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2010. 19:313–9.
Elsarrag SZ., Forss AR., Richman S., Salih SM. Acute ovarian insuffici- ency and uterine infarction following uterine artery embolization for postpartum hemorrhage. Clin Med Rev Case Rep. 2015. 2:040.
Gallos ID., Williams HM., Price MJ., Merriel A., Gee H., Lissauer D, et al. Uterotonic agents for preventing postpartum haemorrhage: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018. 4:CD011689.
Gerdessen L., Meybohm P., Choorapoikayil S., Herrmann E., Taeuber I., Neef V, et al. Comparison of common perioperative blood loss estimation techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Monit Comput. 2021. 35:245–58.
Goldberg J., Pereira L., Berghella V. Pregnancy after uterine artery embolization. Obstet Gynecol. 2002. 100:869–72.
Gonzalez EA., Moore FA., Holcomb JB., Miller CC., Kozar RA., Todd SR, et al. Fresh frozen plasma should be given earlier to patients re- quiring massive transfusion. J Trauma. 2007. 62:112–9.
Ho AM., Dion PW., Cheng CA., Karmakar MK., Cheng G., Peng Z, et al. A mathematical model for fresh frozen plasma transfusion stra- tegies during major trauma resuscitation with ongoing hemorrhage. Can J Surg. 2005. 48:470–8.
Haultain FWN. The treatment of chronic uterine inversion by abdo- minal hysterectomy, with a successful case. Br Med J. 1901. 2:974–6.
Hayman RG., Arulkumaran S., Steer PJ. Uterine compression sutures: surgical management of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2002. 99:502–6.
Hofmeyr GJ., Abdel-Aleem H., Abdel-Aleem MA. Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013. 2013:CD006431.
Hofmeyr GJ., Mshweshwe NT., Gülmezoglu AM. Controlled cord traction for the third stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015. 1:CD008020.
Holcomb JB., Tilley BC., Baraniuk S., Fox EE., Wade CE., Podbielski JM, et al. Transfusion of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with severe trauma: the PROPPR randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015. 313:471–82.
Huntington JL., Irving FC., Kellogg FS., Mass B. Abdominal reposition in acute inversion of the puerperal uterus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1928. 15:34–40.
Jansen AJ., van Rhenen DJ., Steegers EA., Duvekot JJ. Postpartum he- morrhage and transfusion of blood and blood components. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2005. 60:663–71.
Joseph KS., Rouleau J., Kramer MS., Young DC., Liston RM., Baskett TF, et al. Investigation of an increase in postpartum haemorrhage in Canada. BJOG. 2007. 114:751–9.
Kramer MS., Berg C., Abenhaim H., Dahhou M., Rouleau J., Mehrabadi A, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and temporal trends in severe postpartum hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013. 209:449.
Likis FE., Sathe NA., Morgans AK., Hartmann KE., Young JL., Carlson- Bremer D, et al. Management of postpartum hemorrhage. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 151. AHRQ Publication No. 15-EHC013- EF. Rockville (MD):: Agency for Healthcare Research;2015.
Lindoff C., Rybo G., Astedt B. Treatment with tranexamic acid during pregnancy, and the risk of thromboembolic complications. Thromb Haemost. 1993. 70:238–40.
Lu MC., Korst LM., Fridman M., Muthengi E., Gregory KD. Identifying women most likely to benefit from prevention strategies for postpartum hemorrhage. J Perinatol. 2009. 29:422–7.
Madsen RV., Nielsen CS., Kallemose T., Husted H., Troelsen A. Low risk of thromboembolic events after routine administration of tranexamic acid in hip and knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2017. 32:1298–303.
Marasinghe JP., Condous G., Seneviratne HR., Marasinghe U. Modified anchored B-Lynch uterine compression suture for post partum bleeding with uterine atony. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011. 90:280–3.
Marciniuk P., Pawlaczyk R., Rogowski J., Wojciechowski J., Znaniecki Ł. REBOA - new era of bleeding control, literature review. Pol Przegl Chir. 2019. 92:42–7.
Matsubara S., Yano H., Ohkuchi A., Kuwata T., Usui R., Suzuki M. Uterine compression sutures for postpartum hemorrhage: an overview. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013. 92:378–85.
McDonald SJ., Middleton P., Dowswell T., Morris PS. Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping of term infants on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013. 2013:CD004074.
Menard MK., Main EK., Currigan SM. Executive summary of the reVITALize initiative: standardizing obstetric data definitions. Obstet Gynecol. 2014. 124:150–3.
O'Leary JL., O'Leary JA. Uterine artery ligation for control of postcesarean section hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 1974. 43:849–53.
O'Leary JL., O'Leary JA. Uterine artery ligation in the control of intrac- table postpartum hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966. 94:920–4.
Ouahba J., Piketty M., Huel C., Azarian M., Feraud O., Luton D, et al. Uterine compression sutures for postpartum bleeding with uterine atony. BJOG. 2007. 114:619–22.
Pacagnella RC., Souza JP., Durocher J., Perel P., Blum J., Winikoff B, et al. A systematic review of the relationship between blood loss and clinical signs. PLoS One. 2013. 8:e57594.
Patil V., Shetmahajan M. Massive transfusion and massive transfusion protocol. Indian J Anaesth. 2014. 58:590–5.
Pereira A., Nunes F., Pedroso S., Saraiva J., Retto H., Meirinho M. Com- pressive uterine sutures to treat postpartum bleeding secondary to uterine atony. Obstet Gynecol. 2005. 106:569–72.
Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. Prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage: Green-top Guideline No. 52. BJOG. 2017. 124:e106–49.
Shields LE., Wiesner S., Fulton J., Pelletreau B. Comprehensive ma- ternal hemorrhage protocols reduce the use of blood products and improve patient safety. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015. 212:272–80.
Spahn DR., Rossaint R. Coagulopathy and blood component transfusion in trauma. Br J Anaesth. 2005. 95:130–9.
Statistics Korea Infant mortality, maternal mortality, perinatal mortality statistics, 2020. Daejeon (Korea): Statistics Korea;2021.
Suarez S., Conde-Agudelo A., Borovac-Pinheiro A., Suarez-Rebling D., Eckardt M., Theron G, et al. Uterine balloon tamponade for the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 222:293.
Van Dongen PW., Van Roosmalen J., De Boer CN., Van Rooij J. Oxytocics for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhages. A review. Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1991. 13:238–43.
Vedantham S., Goodwin SC., McLucas B., Mohr G. Uterine artery em- bolization: an underused method of controlling pelvic hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997. 176:938–48.
Vintejoux E., Ulrich D., Mousty E., Masia F., Marès P., de Tayrac R, et al. Success factors for Bakri™ balloon usage secondary to uterine atony: a retrospective, multicentre study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015. 55:572–7.
Wise A., Clark V. Challenges of major obstetric haemorrhage. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2010. 24:353–65.
WOMAN Trial Collaborators. Effect of early tranexamic acid admini- stration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with postpartum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2017. 389:2105–16.
World Health Organization. WHO recommendations for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization;2012.
World Health Organization. WHO recommendation on tranexamic acid for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization;2017.
Young PP., Cotton BA., Goodnough LT. Massive transfusion protocols for patients with substantial hemorrhage. Transfus Med Rev. 2011. 25:293–303.
Zheng J., Xiong X., Ma Q., Zhang X., Li M. A new uterine compression suture for postpartum haemorrhage with atony. BJOG. 2011. 118:370–4.
Zwart JJ., Dijk PD., van Roosmalen J. Peripartum hysterectomy and arterial embolization for major obstetric hemorrhage: a 2-year nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010. 202:150.