초록
배경
방법
Abstract
Background
Methods
Results
Conclusions
REFERENCES
Table 1
KEQAS* | CAP* | Tietz* | Henry* | Commonest unit size | Units | |||||||
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Units | Unit size | Units | Unit size | Units | Unit size | Units | Unit size | Commonest† | Conventional | SI | ||
25-OH vitamin D, total | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 1 | ng/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | nmol/L |
Adenosine deaminase | NA | NA | NA | NA | IU/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | IU/L or U/L | U/L | NA |
Adrenocorticotropic hormone | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | pg/mL | pg/mL | pmol/L |
Alanine aminotransferase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Albumin | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 | g/dL | g/dL | g/L |
Alkaline phosphatase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Alpha-fetoprotein | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | mg/dL | g/L |
Ammonia | μmol/L | 1 | μmol/L | 0.1 | μmol/L | 1 | μmol/L | 1 | 1 | μmol/L | μg/dL | μmol/L |
Amylase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Antimicrosomal antibody | IU/mL | 0.1 | IU/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 1 | NA | NA | 0.1 | IU/mL | IU/mL | NA |
Anti-mullerian hormone | ng/mL | 0.01 | NA | 1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | NA | NA | NC | ng/mL | ng/mL | pmol/L |
Anti-thyroglobulin antibody | IU/mL | 0.1 | IU/mL | 0.1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.1 | IU/mL | IU/mL | NA |
Apolipoprotein A1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Apolipoprotein B | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Aspartate aminotransferase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Bilirubin, direct | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.01 | mg/dL | mg/dL | μmol/L |
Bilirubin, total | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.01 | mg/dL | mg/dL | μmol/L |
Blood urea nitrogen | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
B-type natriuretic peptide | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 | pg/mL | pg/mL | pmol/L |
CA 125 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 1 | U/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | U/mL | U/mL | kU/L |
CA 15-3 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 1 | U/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | U/mL | U/mL | kU/L |
CA 19-9 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 0.1 | U/mL | 1 | U/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | U/mL | U/mL | kU/L |
Carcinoembryonic antigen | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Chloride | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | mEq/L | 1 | 1 | mmol/L | mEq/L | mmol/L |
CK-MB | U/L | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Complement C3 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/mL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Complement C4 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/mL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Cortisol | μg/dL | 0.01 | μg/dL | 0.1 | μg/dL | 0.01 | μg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.01 | μg/dL | μg/dL | nmol/L |
C-peptide | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | nmol/L |
C-reactive protein | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/L | 0.1 | mg/L | 0.1 | mg/L | 0.01 | 0.1 | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L |
Creatine kinase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Creatinine | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.01 | mg/dL | mg/dL | μmol/L |
Cystatin C | NA | NA | mg/L | 0.01 | mg/L | 0.01 | mg/L | NA | 0.01 | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L |
Estradiol | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 | pg/mL | pg/mL | pmol/L |
Ferritin | ng/mL | 1 | ng/mL | 1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 1 | 1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Folic acid | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | nmol/L |
Follicle-stimulating hormone | mlU/mL | 0.1 | mIU/mL | 0.1 | mIU/mL | 0.1 | mU/mL | 1 | 0.1 | mIU/mL | mU/mL | IU/L |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Glucose | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Glycated albumin | NA | 1 | NA | 1 | % | NA | % | NA | 1 | % | % | NA |
HbA1c-eAG | NA | NA | NA | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mg/dL |
HbA1c-IFCC | NA | NA | NA | 1 | mmol/mol | 1 | mmol/mol | 1 | 1 | mmol/mol | mmol/mol | mmol/mol |
HbA1c-NGSP | % | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | 0.1 | % | % | % |
HDL cholesterol | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Homocysteine | μmol/L | 0.01 | μmol/L | 0.1 | μmol/L | 1 | μmol/L | 1 | 1 | μmol/L | μmol/L | μmol/L |
Human epididymis protein 4 | pmol/L | 0.1 | pmol/L | 1 | pmol/L | NA | NA | NA | 1 or 0.1 | pmol/L | NA | pmol/L |
Human growth hormone | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
IgE, total | IU/mL | 0.1 | IU/mL | 0.1 | kIU/L | 1 | IU/mL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | IU/mL | kIU/L | μg/L |
Immunoglobulin A | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Immunoglobulin G | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Immunoglobulin M | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Insulin | μIU/mL | 0.01 | μIU/mL | 0.1 | μU/mL | 0.1 | μU/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | μIU/mL or μU/mL | μIU/mL | pmol/L |
Insulin-like growth factor 1 | NA | NA | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 1 | NA | NA | 1 or 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Fe (iron) | μg/dL | 1 | μg/dL | 1 | μg/dL | 1 | μg/dL | 1 | 1 | μg/dL | μg/dL | μmol/L |
K (potassium) | mmol/L | 0.1 | mmol/L | 0.1 | mmol/L | 0.1 | mEq/L | 0.1 | 0.1 | mmol/L | mEq/L | mmol/L |
Lactate dehydrogenase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
LDL cholesterol, calculated | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
LDL cholesterol, measured | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Lipase | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | U/L | 1 | 1 | U/L | U/L | μkat/L |
Lipoprotein(a) | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 or 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | g/L |
Luteinizing hormone | mlU/mL | 0.1 | mIU/mL | 0.1 | mlU/mL | 0.1 | mU/mL | 1 | 0.1 | mIU/mL | mIU/mL | IU/L |
Mg (magnesium) | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mEq/L | 1 | 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Na (sodium) | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | mEq/L | 1 | 1 | mmol/L | mEq/L | mmol/L |
Neuron specific enolase | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
NGAL | NA | NA | NA | NA | ng/mL | 1 | NA | NA | 1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | NA |
NT-proBNP | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 | pg/mL | pg/mL | pmol/L |
p2PSA | NA | NA | pg/mL | 0.1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Parathyroid hormone (intact) | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 0.1 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 | pg/mL | pg/mL | pmol/L |
Phosphorus | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
PIVKA II | mAU/mL | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Procalcitonin | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.01 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.01 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Prolactin | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | mIU/L |
Prostate health index | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
PSA, free | NA | NA | ng/mL | 0.01 | μg/L | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
PSA, free (%) | NA | NA | NA | 1 | % | 1 | % | 1 | 1 | % | NA | NA |
PSA, total | NA | NA | ng/mL | 0.01 | μg/L | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Rheumatoid factor | IU/mL | 0.1 | IU/mL | 1 | IU/mL | 0.1 | NA | NA | 0.1 | IU/mL | IU/mL | kIU/L |
ROMA index | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
SCC antigen | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Testosterone | ng/mL | 0.001 | ng/dL | 0.1 | ng/dL | 0.01 | ng/dL | 1 | NC | ng/dL | ng/dL | nmol/L |
Thyroglobulin antigen | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | ng/mL | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/mL | ng/mL | μg/L |
Thyroxine, free | ng/dL | 0.01 | ng/dL | 0.1 | ng/dL | 0.01 | ng/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.01 | ng/dL | ng/dL | pmol/L |
Thyroxine, total | μg/dL | 0.01 | μg/dL | 0.1 | μg/dL | 0.01 | μg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.01 | μg/dL | μg/dL | nmol/L |
TIBC | ug/dL | 1 | ug/dL | 1 | μg/L | 1 | μg/L | 1 | 1 | μg/dL | μg/dL | μmol/L |
Total calcium | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Total cholesterol | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Total CO2 | mmol/L | 0.1 | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | mmol/L | 1 | 1 | mmol/L | mEq/L | mmol/L |
Total hCG | mlU/mL | 0.1 | mlU/mL | 0.01 | U/L | 1 | mlU/mL | 1 | 1 | mlU/mL | mlU/mL | IU/L |
Total protein | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | g/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 | g/dL | g/dL | g/L |
Triglyceride | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 0.01 | mg/dL | 1 | mg/dL | 1 | 1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | mmol/L |
Triiodothyronine | ng/mL | 0.01 | ng/dL | 0.1 | ng/dL | 1 | μg/dL | 1 | 1 | ng/dL | ng/dL | nmol/L |
Troponin I, conventional | NA | NA | NA | NA | μg/L | 0.001 | ng/mL | 0.01 | 0.01 or 0.001 | NC | ng/mL | μg/L |
Troponin I, high-sensitivity | ng/mL | 0.001 | ng/L | 1 | ng/L | 0.1 | ng/L | 0.1 | 0.1 | ng/L | ng/L | NA |
Troponin T, high-sensitivity | ng/mL | 0.001 | ng/L | 0.001 | ng/L | 0.1 | ng/L | 0.1 | 0.1 or 0.001 | ng/L | ng/L | NA |
TSH | μIU/mL | 0.01 | μIU/mL | 0.01 | μIU/mL | 0.01 | mIU/L | 0.01 | 0.01 | μIU/mL | μIU/mL | mIU/L |
TSH receptor antibody | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
UIBC | NA | NA | μg/L | 1 | μg/L | 1 | μg/dL | 1 | 1 | μg/L | μg/dL | μmol/L |
Uric acid | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | mg/dL | 0.1 | 0.1 | mg/dL | mg/dL | μmol/L |
Vitamin B12 | pg/mL | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | ng/L | 1 | pg/mL | 1 | 1 | pg/mL | ng/L | pmol/L |
*Reporting units and unit sizes were obtained from the external quality assessment (EQA) schemes of the Korean Association of External Quality Assessment Service (KEQAS) and College of American Pathologists (CAP) survey and two major textbooks (Henry 24th ed. and Tietz 6th ed.); †The most commonly used units and unit sizes of the four references (two EQA schemes and two textbooks) are indicated. However, if there were two most commonly used units or unit sizes, both are provided. Moreover, if there were more than two units or unit sizes, “NC” (no consensus) is displayed.
Abbreviations: m/c, most common; SI, international system of units; NA, not applicable; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; TIBC, total iron-binding capacity; UIBC, unsaturated iron-binding capacity; CA, cancer antigen; CK-MB, creatine kinase-muscle/brain; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; eAG, estimated average glucose; IFCC, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; NGSP, National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PIVKA, protein induced by vitamin K antagonist; ROMA, risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin.
Table 2
See Table 1 for abbreviations.
Table 3
σ is the claimed standard deviation (SD) by the manufacturer, and s is the calculated SD determined by 20 replicates.
bt is the upper boundary of the rounding interval (a) and calculated as s/2. Moreover, a is the largest decimal unit (e.g., 1, 0.1, 0.001, etc.), which does not exceed the bt.