1. Kim KS. Systemic diseases and hearing loss. Audiol Speech Res. 2011; 7(1):1–9.
2. Liu W, Meng Q, Wang Y, Yang C, Liu L, Wang H, et al. The association between reduced kidney function and hearing loss: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2020; 21(1):145.
3. World Health Organization. World report on hearing. Geneva: World Health Organization;2021.
4. Agrawal Y, Platz EA, Niparko JK. Prevalence of hearing loss and differences by demographic characteristics among US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168(14):1522–30.
5. Gatland D, Tucker B, Chalstrey S, Keene M, Baker L. Hearing loss in chronic renal failure-hearing threshold changes following haemodialysis. J R Soc Med. 1991; 84(10):587–9.
6. Thodi C, Thodis E, Danielides V, Pasadakis P, Vargemezis V. Hearing in renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006; 21(11):3023–30.
7. Hutchinson JC Jr, Klodd DA. Electrophysiologic analysis of auditory, vestibular and brain stem function in chronic renal failure. Laryngoscope. 1982; 92(8 Pt 1):833–43.
8. Sharma R, Gaur S, Gautam P, Tiwari R, Narain A, Lalchandani T. A study on hearing evaluation in patients of chronic renal failure. Indian J Otol. 2011; 17(3):109–12.
9. Dąbrowski M, Mielnik-Niedzielska G, Nowakowski A. Association between hearing organ and renal function in young adult type 1 diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):12645.
10. Jamaldeen J, Basheer A, Sarma AC, Kandasamy R. Prevalence and patterns of hearing loss among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis. Australas Med J. 2015; 8(2):41–6.
11. Vilayur E, Gopinath B, Harris DC, Burlutsky G, McMahon CM, Mitchell P. The association between reduced GFR and hearing loss: A cross-sectional population-based study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010; 56(4):661–9.
12. Wen CP, David Cheng TY, Tsai SP, Chan HT, Hsu HL, Hsu CC, et al. Are Asians at greater mortality risks for being overweight than Caucasians? Redefining obesity for Asians. Public Health Nutr. 2009; 12(4):497–506.
13. Delanaye P, Jager KJ, Bökenkamp A, Christensson A, Dubourg L, Eriksen BO, et al. CKD: A call for an age-adapted definition. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019; 30(10):1785–805.
14. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: A new prediction equation. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 130(6):461–70.
15. Antonelli AR, Bonfioli F, Garrubba V, Ghisellini M, Lamoretti MP, Nicolai P, et al. Audiological findings in elderly patients with chronic renal failure. Acta Otolaryngol. 1990; 111 sup476:54–68.
16. Seo YJ, Ko SB, Ha TH, Gong TH, Bong JP, Park DJ, et al. Association of hearing impairment with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study of the Korean general population. BMC Nephrol. 2015; 16:154.
17. Quick CA, Fish A, Brown C. The relationship between cochlea and kidney. Laryngoscope. 1973; 83(9):1469–82.
18. Lang F, Vallon V, Knipper M, Wangemann P. Functional significance of channels and transporters expressed in the inner ear and kidney. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007; 293(4):C1187–208.
19. Yassin A, Badry A, Fatt-Hi A. The relationship between electrolyte balance and cochlear disturbances in cases of renal failure. J Laryngol Otol. 1970; 84(4):429–35.
20. Govender SM, Govender CD, Matthews G. Cochlear function in patients with chronic kidney disease. S Afr J Commun Disord. 2013; 60:44–9.
21. Di Paolo B, Di Marco T, Cappelli P, Spisni C, Del Rosso G, Palmieri PF, et al. Electrophysiological aspects of nervous conduction in uremia. Clin Nephrol. 1988; 29(5):253–60.
22. Gafter U, Shvili Y, Levi J, Talmi Y, Zohar Y. Brainstem auditory evoked responses in chronic renal failure and the effect of hemodialysis. Nephron. 1989; 53(1):2–5.
23. Baldini S, Radicioni R, Melappioni M, Baldassari M, Panichi N, Pelliccioni G, et al. [Utility of electrophysiologic study using the blink reflex and brainstem evoked potentials for the evaluation of the course of uremic polyneuropathy]. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 1995; 47(1):13–7.
24. Albertazzi A, Cappelli P, Di Marco T, Maccarone M, Di Paolo B. The natural history of uremic neuropathy. Contrib Nephrol. 1988; 65:130–7.
25. Orendorz-Fraczkowska K, Makulska I, Pośpiech L, Zwolińska D. [The influence of haemodialysis on hearing organ of children with chronic renal failure]. Otolaryngol Pol. 2002; 56(5):597–602.
26. Arnold W. Inner ear and renal diseases. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1984; 93(4_Suppl):119–24.
27. Ozturan O, Lam S. The effect of hemodialysis on hearing using pure-tone audiometry and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions. J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1998; 60(6):306–13.
28. Ahmed HO, Dennis JH, Badran O, Ismail M, Ballal SG, Ashoor A, et al. High-frequency (10–18 kHz) hearing thresholds: Reliability, and effects of age and occupational noise exposure. Occup Med (Lond). 2001; 51(4):245–58.