Abstract
Purpose
Methods
Results
Notes
References
Fig. 1
Flowchart of study design. a)Internal organ injuries confirmed by CT scan. b)Internal organ injuries confirmed by an operation.
![astr-99-352-g001](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-g001.jpg)
Fig. 2
A receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC) of multivariate logistic regression analysis for the final neck findings in total patients (A) and exploration group (B).
![astr-99-352-g002](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-g002.jpg)
Table 1
Clinical characteristic and patients outcomes (n = 91)
![astr-99-352-i001](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-i001.jpg)
Values are presented as number (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (range).
GCS, Glasgow coma scale; BP, blood pressure; INR, international normalized ratio; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit.
a)Injury of head, chest, abdomen, and extremities. b)Injury isolated to the zone. c)Zone II was included in all cases. d)Neck contrast CT or neck angiography CT. e)Surgery performed under general anesthesia. f)Simple wound closure without internal organ injury under local anesthesia. g)Surgical observation without any therapeutic procedures. h)Injury to need surgical treatment confirmed by CT scan or operation. i)Variable duplicated. j)Thyroid gland or submandibular gland. k)Non-invasion of the platysma muscle.
Table 3
Comparison between negative and positive FNFs in total patients
![astr-99-352-i003](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-i003.jpg)
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, number (%), or median (range).
FNF, final neck finding; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; BP, blood pressure; INR, international normalized ratio; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit.
a)Injury of head, chest, abdomen, and extremities. b)Injury isolated to the zone. c)Zone II was included in all cases. d)Neck contrast CT or neck angiography CT. e)Surgery performed under general anesthesia. f)Surgical observation without any therapeutic procedures. g)Fisher exact test. h)Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Table 4
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for negative and positive FNFs in total patient
![astr-99-352-i004](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-i004.jpg)
Compounding factor: age, sex, systolic BP, and PT-INR. Significant differences between the negative and positive FNFs: injury severity score and hemoglobin. Values to confirm: “zone” approach and “no zone” approach.
FNF, final neck finding; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BP, blood pressure; INR, international normalized ratio.
a)Injury isolated to the zone. b)Zone II was included in all cases.
Table 5
Comparison between negative and positive FNFs in the exploration group
![astr-99-352-i005](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-i005.jpg)
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, number (%), or median (range).
FNF, final neck finding; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; BP, blood pressure; INR, international normalized ratio; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit.
a)Injury of head, chest, abdomen, and extremities. b)Injury isolated to the zone. c)Zone II was included in all cases. d)Neck contrast CT or neck angiography CT. e)Fisher exact test. f)Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Table 6
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for negative and positive FNFs in the exploration group
![astr-99-352-i006](/upload/SynapseXML/6037astr/thumb/astr-99-352-i006.jpg)
Compounding factor: age, sex, injury severity score, and systolic blood pressure. Significant differences between the negative and positive FNFs: hemoglobin. Values to confirm: “zone” approach and “no zone” approach.
FNF, final neck finding; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a)Injury isolated to the zone. b)Zone II was included in all cases.