서 론

연구 방법
1. 연구대상
Table 1
2. 실험 절차
![]() | Fig. 1Experimental design. 0-min: before soccer match was kicked off, P45-min: immediately after the end of the first half during soccer match, half time: 15-minute break time between the first half and the second half during soccer match, P90-min: immediately after the end of the second half during soccer match. ★: Blood sampling. |
3. 채혈 및 혈액 분석 방법
4. 통계 처리

결 과
1. 피험자의 신체적 특성 비교
2. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 체중, 체온, 심박수, 이동거리의 변화에 미치는 영향
![]() | Fig. 2Changes in (A) body mass, (B) body temperature, (C) mean heart rate (the first and second half of Con vs. CWI), (D) maximum heart rate, (E) total heart rate, (F) total distance covered, (G) cumulative distance, and (H) sectional distance following CWI and Con. (A, B) Significant difference to 0-min (main effect of time, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001), to P45-min (†††p<0.001), and to P90-min (‡‡‡p<0.001). Significantly different from Con (main effect of group, §p<0.05, §§p<0.01, §§§p<0.001). (C, D) Significant difference to the first-half 15-min (*p<0.05). (H) Significant difference to 0–15 min (*p<0.05), ∼60 min (‡p<0.01). Values are presented as mean (standard deviation). Con: control group, CWI: cold water immersion group, 0-min: before soccer match was kicked off, P45-min: immediately after the end of the first half during soccer match, half time: 15-minute break time between the first half and the second half during soccer match, P90-min: immediately after the end of the second half during soccer match. |
3. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 생리적 지표 변화에 미치는 영향
![]() | Fig. 3Changes in (A) pH, (B) HCO3–, (C) PO2, (D) PCO2, (E) oxygen saturation, (F) hematocrit (Hct), (G) hemoglobin (Hb), (H) glucose, (I) lactate, (J) sodium, (K) potassium, (L) calcium concentration following CWI and Con. Significant difference to 0-min (main effect of time, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001), P45-min (†p<0.05, ††p<0.01, †††p<0.001), P90-min (‡p<0.05, ‡‡p<0.01, ‡‡‡p<0.001). Significant difference from Con (main effect of group, §p<0.05, §§p<0.01, §§§p<0.001). Significant difference to P45-min and P90-min (&&&p<0.001). Values were expressed by means (standard deviation). Con: control group, CWI: cold water immersion group, 0-min: before soccer match was kicked off; P45-min: immediately after the end of the first half during soccer match; half time, 15-minute break time between the first half and the second half during soccer match; P90-min, immediately after the end of the second half during soccer match. |
4. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 염증 및 면역 지표 변화에 미치는 영향
Table 2
Variable | Time | p-value | |||||||
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0-min | P45-min | Half time | P90-min | Main effect (group) | Group | Time | Group×time | ||
IL-1b | Con | 1.00 | 2.09±0.00 | 0.98±0.00 | 2.34±0.00 | 1.60±0.00 | 1.000 | <0.001 | 1.000 |
CWI | 1.00 | 2.09±1.02** | 0.98±0.87†††,‡ | 2.34±1.35* | 1.60±1.01 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 2.09±0.70*** | 0.98±0.60†††,‡‡‡ | 2.34±1.35*** | |||||
IL-6§ | Con | 1.00 | 0.52±0.00 | 0.72±0.00 | 0.44±0.00 | 0.67±0.00 | |||
CWI | 1.00 | 0.52±0.00 | 0.72±0.00 | 0.44±0.00 | 0.67±0.00 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 0.52±0.00 | 0.72±0.00 | 0.44±0.00 | |||||
IL-8 | Con | 1.00 | 1.01±0.40 | 1.35±1.24 | 0.84±0.40 | 1.05±0.82 | 0.555 | 0.401 | 0.609 |
CWI | 1.00 | 1.15±0.51 | 0.72±0.54 | 0.96±0.41 | 0.96±0.49 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 1.08±0.45 | 1.03±0.99 | 0.90±0.40 | |||||
IL-10 | Con | 1.00 | 1.03±0.21 | 1.95±0.62***,†† | 1.63±0.33***,††† | 1.40±0.40 | 0.333 | <0.001 | 0.645 |
CWI | 1.00 | 1.23±0.33 | 1.80±0.31***,††† | 1.89±0.83**,†† | 1.48±0.53 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 1.13±0.29* | 1.88±0.48***,††† | 1.76±0.63***,††† | |||||
TNF-κ | Con | 1.00 | 1.20±0.90 | 0.93±0.04***,‡‡‡ | 0.64±0.19*** | 0.94±0.51 | 0.377 | <0.001 | 0.737 |
CWI | 1.00 | 0.90±0.35 | 0.95±0.26 | 0.58±0.30**,††† | 0.86±0.29 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 1.05±0.68 | 0.94±0.18‡‡‡ | 0.61±0.25***,† | |||||
VEGF | Con | 1.00 | 0.96±0.40 | 0.96±0.32 | 1.12±0.15* | 1.01±0.32 | 0.357 | 0.151 | 0.841 |
CWI | 1.00 | 1.19±0.19* | 0.98±0.20†† | 1.16±0.40 | 1.08±0.29 | ||||
Main effect (time) | 1.00 | 1.07±0.33 | 0.97±0.26‡ | 1.14±0.30* |
0-min: before soccer match was kicked off, P45-min: immediately after the end of the first half during soccer match, half time: 15-minute break time between the first half and the second half during soccer match, P90-min: immediately after the end of the second half during soccer match, Con: control group, CWI: cold water immersion group, IL: interleukin, TNF: tumor necrosis factor, VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.
Table 3
0-min: before soccer match was kicked off, P45-min: immediately after the end of the first half during soccer match, half time: 15-minute break time between the first half and the second half during soccer match, P90-min: immediately after the end of the second half during soccer match, Con: control group, CWI: cold water immersion group, Ig: immunoglobulin.

고 찰
1. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 체중, 체온, 심박수, 이동거리의 변화에 미치는 영향
2. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 혈중 생리 지표에 미치는 영향
3. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 혈중 이온 농도의 변화에 미치는 영향
4. 축구 하프타임 휴식 중 저온 침수 처치가 면역 조절 인자 발현에 미치는 영향
