The effect of root canal preparation on the surface roughness of WaveOne and WaveOne Gold files: atomic force microscopy study

Taha Özyürek; Koray Yılmaz; Gülşah Uslu; Gianluca Plotino

doi:10.5395/rde.2018.43.e10

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Özyürek, Yılmaz, Uslu, and Plotino: The effect of root canal preparation on the surface roughness of WaveOne and WaveOne Gold files: atomic force microscopy study

Research Article

Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(1):e10.

Published online: 4 February 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e10

The effect of root canal preparation on the surface roughness of WaveOne and WaveOne Gold files: atomic force microscopy study

Taha Özyürek¹, Koray Yılmaz^2,^*, Gülşah Uslu³, Gianluca Plotino⁴

¹Department of Endodontics, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry, Samsun, Turkey

²Çorum Oral and Dental Health Center, Çorum, Turkey

³Dental Clinic, Çanakkale, Turkey

⁴Grande Plotino & Torsello Studio Di Odontoiatria, Rome, Italy

^*Correspondence to Koray Yılmaz, DDS, MSc Full-Time Specialist, Çorum Oral and Dental Care Center, Yavruturna Mahallesi, No. 22, Çorum 19000, Turkey. E-mail: koray1903@hotmail.com

Received 13 November 2017 Accepted 9 January 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

To examine the surface topography of intact WaveOne (WO; Dentsply Sirona Endodontics) and WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Sirona Endodontics) nickel-titanium rotary files and to evaluate the presence of alterations to the surface topography after root canal preparations of severely curved root canals in molar teeth.

Materials and Methods

Forty-eight severely curved canals of extracted molar teeth were divided into 2 groups (n = 24/each group). In group 1, the canals were prepared using WO and in group 2, the canals were prepared using WOG files. After the preparation of 3 root canals, instruments were subjected to atomic force microscopy analysis. Average roughness and root mean square values were chosen to investigate the surface features of endodontic files. The data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tamhane's tests at 5% significant level.

Results

The surface roughness values of WO and WOG files significantly changed after use in root canals (p < 0.05). The used WOG files exhibited higher surface roughness change when compared with the used WO files (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Using WO and WOG Primary files in 3 root canals affected the surface topography of the files. After being used in root canals, the WOG files showed a higher level of surface porosity value than the WO files.

Keywords: Atomic force microscopy, Nickel-titanium, Usage, WaveOne, WaveOne Gold

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Figure 1.

Three-dimensional atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of WaveOne and WaveOne Gold instruments. (A) Intact WaveOne; (B) intact WaveOne Gold; (C) used WaveOne; (D) used WaveOne Gold.

Table 1.

Means and standard deviations of root mean square (RMS) and average roughness (Ra) of intact and used WaveOne and WaveOne Gold files

Variables	WaveOne		WaveOne Gold		p value
Variables	Intact	Used	Intact	Used	p value
RMS	47.46 ± 5.69 ^a	68.40 ± 9.57 ^b	46.39 ± 6.55 ^a	93.40 ± 13.11 ^c	< 0.05
Ra	39.03 ± 5.46 ^a	60.55 ± 7.87 ^b	35.63 ± 3.85 ^a	74.24 ± 11.13 ^c	< 0.05

Different superscript letters indicate statistically significance difference at 5% level.

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