Abstract
Objective
Methods
Results
REFERENCES
Table 1
Patient characteristics | All patients (n=47) |
---|---|
Age (yr) | 53.8±8.8 |
Sex, female | 44 (93.6) |
Fibromyalgia duration (mo) | 83.7±58.2 |
Widespread Pain Index (range: 0∼19) | 10.5±5.0 |
Symptom Severity Score (range: 0∼12) | 7.2±2.2 |
VAS of pain* (range: 0∼100) | 68.2±18.7 |
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (range: 0∼100) | 62.8±18.0 |
Insomnia Severity Index (range: 0∼28) | 15.4±6.6 |
SF-36 | |
Physical functioning | 40.2±20.6 |
Role limitation due to physical condition | 26.0±34.6 |
Bodily pain | 36.2±18.1 |
General health | 32.3±13.8 |
Vitality (energy and fatigue) | 26.9±14.5 |
Social functioning | 46.8±22.0 |
Role limitation due to emotional condition | 39.0±45.7 |
Mental health | 40.7±17.7 |
Health change | 30.3±27.6 |
Associated symptoms | |
Tinnitus | 22 (46.8) |
Headache | 41 (87.2) |
Irritable bowel syndrome† | 6 (12.7) |
Used medication‡ | 34 (72.3) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). SF-36: Short-form Health Survey. *The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of pain intensity is a 100-point linear gauge in which 0=no pain and 100=worst pain imaginable. †Satisfies the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. ‡Medication including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor/Pregabalin.
Table 2
Variable | Fibromyalgia with tinnitus (n=22) | Fibromyalgia without tinnitus (n=25) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 54.5±9.3 | 53.1±8.4 | 0.828§ |
Sex | 0.629¶ | ||
Male | 1 (4.5) | 2 (8.0) | |
Female | 21 (95.5) | 23 (92.0) | |
Fibromyalgia duration (mo) | 81.7±61.6 | 85.5±56.3 | 0.828§ |
Widespread Pain Index | 11.9±5.3 | 9.2±4.6 | 0.710∥ |
Symptom Severity Score | 7.9±2.0 | 6.6±2.3 | 0.051§ |
VAS of pain* | 72.5±17.6 | 64.4±19.2 | 0.140∥ |
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire | 66.5±17.8 | 59.7±18.0 | 0.199§ |
Insomnia Severity Index | 14.4±6.6 | 16.2±6.6 | 0.350§ |
SF-36 | |||
Physical functioning | 37.0±17.9 | 43.0±22.7 | 0.329§ |
Role limitation due to physical condition | 27.2±35.2 | 25.0±34.6 | 0.825∥ |
Bodily pain | 34.7±19.3 | 37.6±17.2 | 0.583∥ |
General health | 30.0±13.5 | 34.4±14.0 | 0.281§ |
Vitality (energy and fatigue) | 27.5±14.1 | 26.4±15.1 | 0.799∥ |
Social functioning | 48.9±22.1 | 45.0±22.2 | 0.554§ |
Role limitation due to emotional condition | 44.0±48.7 | 34.7±43.5 | 0.494∥ |
Mental health | 42.7±19.4 | 38.9±16.2 | 0.463§ |
Health change | 28.4±28.1 | 32.0±27.5 | 0.661∥ |
Associated symptoms | |||
Headache | 20 (90.9) | 21 (84.4) | 0.670¶ |
Irritable bowel syndrome† | 5 (22.7) | 1 (4.0) | 0.085¶ |
Used medication‡ | 15 (68.2) | 19 (76) | 0.550¶ |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). SF-36: Short-form Health Survey. *The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of pain intensity is a 100-point linear gauge in which 0=no pain and 100=worst pain imaginable. †Satisfies the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. ‡Medication including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor/ Pregabalin. §t-test; ∥Mann–Whitney U-test; ¶chi-square test.
Table 3
Severity of tinnitus | Tinnitus grade 1∼2 (n=12)* | Tinnitus grade 3∼5 (n=8)* | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 55.2±7.5 | 53.2±13.0 | 0.666∥ |
Sex | 0.209** | ||
Male | 0 (0)ㅤ | 1 (12.5) | |
Female | 12 (100) | 7 (87.5) | |
Fibromyalgia duration (mo) | 81.7±63.7 | 98.3±58.7 | 0.561∥ |
Tinnitus duration (mo) | 46.8±43.0 | 111.6±119.5 | 0.178∥ |
Tinnitus side | 0.303** | ||
Left side | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0) | |
Right side | 6 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Both sides | 5 (41.7) | 6 (75.0) | |
Widespread Pain Index | 10.8±4.5 | 14.1±6.4 | 0.192¶ |
Symptom Severity Score | 7.6±2.0 | 8.8±1.9 | 0.206∥ |
VAS of pain† | 70.8±13.8 | 80.6±20.1 | 0.211∥ |
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire | 63.6±11.9 | 78.6±15.6 | 0.025∥ |
Insomnia Severity Index | 13.9±5.9 | 17.8±5.4 | 0.160∥ |
SF-36 | |||
Physical functioning | 43.3±10.5 | 21.9±17.3 | 0.003∥ |
Role limitation due to physical condition | 25.0±28.2 | 15.6±35.2 | 0.517¶ |
Bodily pain | 37.9±20.0 | 24.1±19.8 | 0.107∥ |
General health | 30.4±9.4 | 23.8±14.3 | 0.223¶ |
Vitality (energy and fatigue) | 30.4±14.4 | 18.8±9.2 | 0.058∥ |
Social functioning | 55.2±20.3 | 34.4±19.8 | 0.035∥ |
Role limitation due to emotional condition | 47.2±48.1 | 25.0±46.3 | 0.318¶ |
Mental health | 49.3±16.7 | 29.0±17.6 | 0.017∥ |
Health change | 31.3±28.5 | 12.5±13.3 | 0.065¶ |
Associated symptoms | |||
Headache | 11 (91.7) | 7 (87.5) | 1** |
Irritable bowel syndrome‡ | 1 (8.3) | 4 (50.0) | 0.109** |
Used medication§ | 6 (50.0) | 8 (100) | 0.042** |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). SF-36: Short-form Health Survey. *Tinnitus grade was calculated using the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire. †The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of pain intensity is a 100-point linear gauge in which 0=no pain and 100=worst pain imaginable. ‡Satisfies the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. §Medication including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor/Pregabalin. ∥t-test; ¶Mann–Whitney U-test; **chi-square test.
Table 4
Severity of insomnia |
Grade 1∼2 (n=19) |
Grade 3∼4 (n=28) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 55.9±8.9 | 52.4±8.5 | 0.177§ |
Sex | 0.060¶ | ||
Male | 3 (15.8) | 0 (0) | |
Female | 16 (84.2) | 28 (100) | |
Fibromyalgia duration (mo) | 67.0±50.9 | 95.1±61.0 | 0.104§ |
Widespread Pain Index | 10.2±4.8 | 10.6±5.3 | 0.795§ |
Symptom Severity Score | 6.3±2.4 | 7.9±1.9 | 0.019∥ |
VAS of pain* | 53.3±16.3 | 67.7±16.9 | 0.116∥ |
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire | 53.4±18.3 | 69.2±15.0 | 0.002§ |
SF-36 | |||
Physical functioning | 43.2±19.8 | 38.2±21.3 | 0.426§ |
Role limitations due to physical condition | 43.4±41.5 | 14.3±21.0 | 0.013∥ |
Bodily pain | 46.6±17.6 | 29.2±14.9 | 0.001∥ |
General health | 38.7±13.2 | 28.0±12.7 | 0.008§ |
Vitality (energy and fatigue) | 35.8±16.5 | 20.9±9.2 | 0.003∥ |
Social functioning | 57.9±15.7 | 39.3±22.7 | 0.003§ |
Role limitations due to emotional condition | 66.7±44.4 | 20.2±36.7 | 0.001∥ |
Mental health | 53.1±16.7 | 32.3±13.0 | <0.001§ |
Health change | 40.8±27.9 | 23.3±25.4 | 0.028∥ |
Associated symptoms | |||
Headache | 15 (78.9) | 26 (92.9) | 0.204¶ |
Irritable bowel syndrome† | 2 (10.5) | 4 (14.3) | 1¶ |
Tinnitus | 11 (57.9) | 11 (39.3) | 0.210¶ |
Used medication‡ | 14 (73.7) | 20 (71.4) | 0.865¶ |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). SF-36: Short-form Health Survey. *The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of pain intensity is a 100-point linear gauge in which 0=no pain and 100=worst pain imaginable. †Satisfies the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. ‡Medication including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor/ Pregabalin. §One-way ANOVA test; ∥Kruskal-Wallis test; ¶chi-square test.