Analysis of Major Factors Affecting False Positive Results in Neonatal Screening Test within 3 Days after Birth

Tae Kyu Kim; Seung Hyun Lee; Seung Taek Yu; Yeon Kyun Oh

doi:10.14734/PN.2019.30.3.154

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Kim, Lee, Yu, and Oh: Analysis of Major Factors Affecting False Positive Results in Neonatal Screening Test within 3 Days after Birth

Original Article

Perinatology 2019; 30(3): 154-159.

Published online: 30 September 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14734/PN.2019.30.3.154

Analysis of Major Factors Affecting False Positive Results in Neonatal Screening Test within 3 Days after Birth

Tae Kyu Kim, MD, Seung Hyun Lee, MD, Seung Taek Yu, MD, Yeon Kyun Oh, MD

Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.

Correspondence to Seung Hyun Lee, MD Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Korea. Tel: +82-63-859-1510, Fax: +82-63-853-3670, courteouslee@gamil.com

Received 25 May 2018 Revised 24 November 2018 Accepted 9 June 2019

The Korean Society of Perinatology

(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objective

We examined the factors affecting the false positive results in the accidental neonatal screening test (NST) within 3 days after birth and tried to find out the most relevant factors.

Methods

From January 2011 to December 2016, we reviewed the electronic medical records of 142 patients with a gestational age of 34 weeks or more who had false positives at the first NST. NST was performed by tandem mass spectrometry. We collected information on gestational age, birth weight, delivery method, Apgar score at the time of birth. Postnatal exam time, body weight, feeding volume and parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, and steroid administration were also investigated at the time of NST.

Results

In the first NST, there were 102 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 27 cases of congenital hypothyroidism, nine cases of galactosemia and one case of homocystinuria. Gender, birth weight, and delivery method were statistically significant (P<0.05) at the time of birth using Pearson Chi-square method. There were significant differences in body weight, feeding volume, parenteral nutrition at the time of NST (P<0.05). In binary logistic regression analysis, the gender and the body weight seemed significant statistically.

Conclusion

Male sex and weight were identified as major factors of the false positive results in the NST performed within 3 days after birth, but further studies seemed to be needed. In the case of patients with short admission period or insufficient perinatal information, the first NST after birth should be performed at the time of outpatient department or after precise information collection.

Keywords: Neonatal screening, Tandem mass spectrometry, False positive reactions

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Incidences of major metabolic diseases at 1st neonatal screening test. Etc. includes hyperglycinemia, propionic academia, tyrosinemia.

Table 1

Demographic Characteristics at Birth according to Neonatal Screening Test Results

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

Table 2

Demographic Characteristics at 1st Exam according to Neonatal Screening Test Results

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

Table 3

Analysis of Major Parameters Affecting to Neonatal Screening Test Results

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; TPN, total parenteral nutrition.

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Wonkwang University in 2018.

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