Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers

Letícia Boldrin Mestieri; Ivana Maria Zaccara; Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro; Fernando Branco Barletta; Patrícia Maria Polli Kopper; Fabiana Soares Grecca

doi:10.5395/rde.2018.45.e2

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Mestieri, Zaccara, Pinheiro, Barletta, Kopper, and Grecca: Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers

Research Article

Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(1):e2.

Published online: 4 February 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.45.e2

Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers

Letícia Boldrin Mestieri¹, Ivana Maria Zaccara¹, Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro^1,^*, Fernando Branco Barletta², Patrícia Maria Polli Kopper¹, Fabiana Soares Grecca¹

¹Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

²School of Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil – ULBRA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

^*Correspondence to Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro, DDS, MSc PhD Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil. E-mail: lucaspinheiroodonto@gmail.com

Received 18 July 2019 Revised 24 September 2019 Accepted 17 October 2019

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and migration of Endosequence Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer (BC Sealer) compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus.

Materials and Methods

BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, and AH Plus were placed in contact with culture medium to obtain sealers extracts in dilution 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. 3T3 cells were plated and exposed to the extracts. Cell viability and migration were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Scratch assay, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test (p < 0.05).

Results

The MTT assay revealed greater cytotoxicity for AH Plus and MTA Fillapex at 1:1 dilution when compared to control (p < 0.05). At 1:2 and 1:4 dilutions, all sealers were similar to control (p > 0.05) and MTA Fillapex was more cytotoxic than BC Sealer (p < 0.05). Scratch assay demonstrated the continuous closure of the wound according to time. At 30 hours, the control group presented closure of the wound (p < 0.05). At 36 hours, only BC Sealer presented the closure when compared to AH Plus and MTA Fillapex (p < 0.05). At 42 hours, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex showed a wound healing (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

All tested sealers demonstrated cell viability highlighting BC Sealer, which showed increased cell migration capacity suggesting that this sealer may achieve better tissue repair when compared to other tested sealers.

Keywords: Root canal, Cell migration, Fibroblast, Endodontics

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Figure 1.

Cell viability results (%) by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in 3T3 cells exposed to 24 hours for AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer, at dilution of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4, according to the control group (100% viability rate). Bars with different letters represent significant differences among groups in each dilution extract (p < 0.05).

Figure 2.

Cell migration results by scratch assay in 3T3 cells exposed to set extracts of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer at dilution of 1:8. Percentage of open area by scratch assay in 3T3 cells. Columns with different letters represent significant differences between groups in each evaluated period.

Figure 3.

Illustrative image of scratch assay in 3T3 cells.

Groups	Periods
Groups	0 hr	6 hr	12 hr	18 hr	24 hr 3	30 hr	36 hr	42 hr
Control	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A
BC Sealer	A	AB	AB	A	B	A	A	A
MTA Fillapex	A	AB	AB	AB	B	B	B	A
AH Plus	A	B	B	B	B	B	B	A

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