Journal List > J Korean Soc Radiol > v.80(2) > 1141885

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Lee, Kim, Hong, Ock, Kwon, Gwon, Kwon, Seo, Chae, Yang, Kim, Kyung, Ko, Choi, Sa, and Kim: A Review of Three-Dimensional Printing Technology for Medical Applications
Review Article

J Korean Soc Radiol 2019;80(2):213-225.

Published online: 20 January 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2019.80.2.213

A Review of Three-Dimensional Printing Technology for Medical Applications

Sangwook Lee, MSc1, Taehun Kim, MSc1, Dayeong Hong, MSc1, Junhyeok Ock, MSc1, Jaeyoung Kwon, MSc1, Eunseo Gwon, MSc1, Jinhee Kwon, MSc1, Joon Beom Seo, MD2, Eun Jin Chae, MD2, Dong Hyun Yang, MD2, Choung-Soo Kim, MD3, Yoon Soo Kyung, MD4, Beom Seok Ko, MD5, Sehoon Choi, MD6, Ho-Seok Sa, MD7, Namkug Kim, PhD1, 2, ∗

1Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

2Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

3Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

4Department of Health Screening and Promotion Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

5Division of Breast Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

6Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

7Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

∗Corresponding author Namkug Kim, PhD Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea. Tel 82-2-3010-8361 Fax 82-2-3010-6196 E-mail namkugkim@gmail.com

Received 24 January 2019       Accepted 5 March 2019

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Radiology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, with additive manufacturing, can aid in the production of various kinds of patient-specific medical devices and implants in medical fields, which cannot be covered by mass production systems for producing conventional devices/im-plants. The simulator-based medical image demonstrates the anatomical structure of the disease, which can be used for education, diagnosis, preparation of treatment plan and preoperative surgical guide, etc. The surgical guide is used as a patient-specific medical device for guiding incision, resection, insertion, and marking. As 3D printers can output materials that can be inserted into the human body, the patient-specific implant device that reflects the patient's anatomy and surgical plan could be of relevance. In addition, patient-specific aids, including gibs, splints, prostheses, and epitheses, could be used for a better outcome. Finally, bio-printing is also used to cultivate cells to produce functional artificial tissues.

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Fig. 1.
Procedure for the application of 3DP in medicine. CAD = computer-aided design, 3DP = three-dimensional printing
jksr-80-213f1.tif
Fig. 2.
Categories for application of 3D printing in medicine. 3D = three-dimensional
jksr-80-213f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Patient-specific simulators of kidney cancer.
jksr-80-213f3.tif
Fig. 4.
Patient-specific simulators for lung transplantation.
jksr-80-213f4.tif
Fig. 5.
Surgical guide for facial transplant. Adapted from 3D Systems. Available from: URL: https://ko.3dsystems.com/blog/2015/11/virtual-surgical-planning-assists-full-face-transplant(52).
jksr-80-213f5.tif
Fig. 6.
Patient-specific surgical guide for BCS. A. Three segmented breast cancer. B. A designed surgical guide for BCS. C. Three-dimensional-printed surgical guide for BCS. D. The marked outline of breast cancer on the skin. E. Resected breast cancer tissue. BCS = breast-conserving surgery
jksr-80-213f6.tif
Fig. 7.
Pilot study of patient-specific implant device of flexible material. A. CT-based 3D reconstruction of patient-specific dead zone after pneumonectomy. B. 3D-modeled dead zone and frame for molding. C. Fabricated negative mold with silicone material. D. Final product of spacer for dead zone with silicone material using molding technique (6). 3D = three-dimensional Adapted from Kim et al. Korean J Radiol 2016;17:182–197, with permission of The Korean Society of Radiology (6).
jksr-80-213f7.tif
Fig. 8.
Patient-specific splint.
jksr-80-213f8.tif
Table 1.
Summary of 3D Printing Technologies
  Advantages Disadvantages Major Company
FDM Low-cost, various of material Low-speed, almost need to support Stratasys, Ultimaker, Zortrax, Prusa
DLP High-speed, high-quality High-cost, need to support EnvisionTEC, Prodways, Carbon3D
SLA High-quality High-cost, need to support 3D systems, Formlabs, DWS
Material jetting Multi-material property, color, high-accuracy High-cost, need to support Stratasys, 3D systems
Binder jetting Multi-color, no-support, low-cost Opacity, need to post process 3D systems, VoxelJet, ExOne
SLS High-accuracy High-cost EOS, 3D systems, Sinterit, Sintratec
DMLS Various of material High-cost EOS, 3D systems, Renishaw, SLM

DMLS Various of material High-cost EOS, 3D systems, Renishaw, SLM DLP = Digital Light Processing, DMLS = Direct Metal Laser Sintering, SLA = Stereolithography, SLS = Selective Laser Sintering, 3D = three-dimensional

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