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Kim and Lee: Health Behaviors and Dietary Habits according to Sleep Duration in Korean Adults Based on the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Original Article

Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2019; 19(4): 237-247.

Published online: 31 December 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.4.237

Health Behaviors and Dietary Habits according to Sleep Duration in Korean Adults Based on the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Jin-A Kim, Sim-Yeol Lee

Department of Home Economics Education, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Sim-Yeol Lee, PhD. Department of Home Economics Education, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2260-3413, Fax: +82-2-2265-1170, slee@dongguk.edu

Received 5 December 2019       Revised 15 December 2019       Accepted 16 December 2019

Copyright © 2019 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to investigate the dietary habit problems related to sleep duration by analyzing health behaviors and dietary habits in Korean adults.

Methods

Adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in the study. Subjects were classified into the insufficient, appropriate, and excessive sleep groups. Subsequently, patient characteristics, health status, obesity and metabolic syndrome, dietary habits, and nutrient intake were analyzed.

Results

The subjective health status was worse in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups than that in the appropriate sleep group. Body mass index and obesity and abdominal obesity rates were higher in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups than in the appropriate sleep group. The insufficient and excessive sleep groups had an irregular diet, and the excessive sleep group had significantly lower vitamin and mineral intake than insufficient and excessive sleep groups.

Conclusions

Subjects in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups were less healthier than those in the appropriate sleep group. Further, subjects in the excessive sleep group had an unbalanced diet and nutritional status.

Keywords: Sleep duration, Health behavior, Dietary habit

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

%KDRI of nutrient intake according to sleep duration. KDRI, Korean Dietary Reference Intake. aP<0.05. bP<0.01. cP<0.001

kjhp-19-237-g001
Table 1

General characteristics of the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i001

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by the chi-square test.

Table 2

Health behavior of the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i002

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

Abbreviation: EQ-5D, EuroQol-5 Dimension.

aCalculated by the chi-square test, except for EQ-5D index, which was calculated by analysis of variance.

b,cIt has significantly dfference value between b and c (P<0.001).

Table 3

Obesity in the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i003

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by chi-square test.

Table 4

Metabolic syndrome in the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i004

Model 1: unadjusted model; model 2: adjusted for sex and age; model 3: model 2+adjusted for household income, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, and education level. Significant difference in the mean value compared to 6–10 hours of sleep (reference group) using the SURVEYLOGISTIC procedure.

Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; Ref., reference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglycerides.

Table 5

Dietary habit of the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i005

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by the chi-square test.

Table 6

Nutrient intake of the subjects according to the sleep duration

kjhp-19-237-i006

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

aCalculated by analysis of variance. Calculated by analysis of variance and post hoc analysis by Scheffe test.

bNutrients were adjusted for total energy intake, age, and sex.

c,dIt has significantly dfference value between c and d (P<0.001).

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ORCID iDs

Jin-A Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-9703

Sim-Yeol Lee
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-6412

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