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Kijin Kim
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of combined exercise on vascular function-related inflammation, carotid intima-media thickness and fitness factors in obese middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome.
Methods
The subjects of this study were 40 middle-aged women in their 40s with metabolic syndrome but no specific disease. The exercise group performed aerobic exercise and resistance exercise five times a week for 12 weeks, and then measured body composition, blood pressure, vascular function-related inflammation factors, metabolic syndrome factors, carotid intima-media thickness, and physical factors.
Results
The exercise group showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction after exercise in all items related to body composition, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and intima-media thickness of the right carotid and left carotid arteries. Exercise group showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) after exercise in interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, leptin, and all items of glucose metabolism-related variables. The exercise group showed a significant (p<0.05) increase after exercise physical efficiency index, grip strength, sit-ups, and sit & reach. After 12 weeks of exercise training, the reduction of intima-media thickness of the carotid artery was significantly (p<0.05) correlated with the improvement of body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, grip and sit & reach, blood HbA1c, and triglyceride concentration.
Conclusion
In conclusion, metabolic syndrome improved the body composition, blood glucose metabolism and lipid variables after 12 weeks of combined exercise program for obese middle-aged women. Significant improvement in blood pressure and carotid endometrial thickness, which is a function-related indicator, was confirmed.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Correlation between blood pressure differences and difference of intima-media thickness of left carotid artery after exercise training. SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure.
Table 4
Changes of blood concentration of cytokines
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
ANOVA: analysis of variance, CRP: C-reactive protein, IL-6: interleukin-6, PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.
*p<0.05 2-way ANOVA or compared to pre-value in t-test of post hoc; †Compared to control value in t-test of post hoc.
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