1. The kdiney size and cortical thickness were measured from intravenous pyelograms of healthy Korean adultsof 250 males and 250 females. 2. The measured size and cortical thickness of kidney were as following figure (mm)length width cortical thickness (Pole) upper middle lower Male right 120.6+7.03 63.7+5.46 31.3+4.14 25.6+3.3432.3+3.42 left 126.2+7.71 68.5+5.50 32.0+4.68 25.8+3.29 32.6+3.58 Female right 118.8+8.41 62.6+5.66 32.4+4.1225.2+3.30 32.1+3.34 left 124.0+8.57 64.1+5.74 32.8+4.36 25.0+3.33 33.0+3.50 Total right 119.7+10.96 63.2+7.8631.8+5.84 24.4+4.70 33.0+4.y78 left 125.1+10.69 66.3+7.95 32.4+6.40 25.4+4.68 32.8+5.01 3. The size of kidney ofmale is a little larger than female both in vertical length and horizontal width. 4. The renal cortical thicknesswere not significant indifferences between male and female, right and left, in each poles. 5. In the study ofdistribution of length differences between pairs of kidneys in our series, the length of right kidney is larger in18.6%, and width in 27.2% 6. Comparative study is carried out measuring the length of first lumbar vertebralbodies including 4 intervertebral spaces. 7. The size of kidney is larger in the group of greater length ofvertebral height. 8. The renal cortical thickness have no signifcant differences in according to the differencesof length of vertebral height, in each poles. 9. Comparing with the western authors, the kidney size of the Koreanault is not smaller than western